4-Chloro-3-methylphenol – inhalable fraction Documentation for occupational exposure limits (OEls)
Journal Title: Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy - Year 2014, Vol 30, Issue 1
Abstract
4-Chloro-3-methylphenol (PCMC) is white or pink crystals. It is used as a bactericide, in preservative adhesives, rubber, paint, ink, textiles and leather, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals (heparin and insulin). LD50 after oral administration in rats is 5129 mg/kg for males and 3636 mg/kg for females. PCMC strongly irritates the eyes of rabbits. Following getting into the eye, PCMC has a corrosive effect, causing conjunctivitis, conjunctival ulcers, inflammation of the iris and corneal opacity and ulceration. PCMC also causes skin irritation in humans and rabbits. PCMC is not sensitizing for guinea pigs in the Magnusson-Kligman test. Based on the results of a study in which for 24 months rats were administered PCMC in their feed at daily doses of 0, 21, 103.1 and 558.9 mg/kg (males) and 0, 27.7, 134.3 and 743.5 mg/kg (females), NOAEL was determined for males at 21 mg/kg/day and LOAEL of 103.1 mg/kg/day. The total incidence of unilateral and bilateral degeneration of the seminiferous tubules and the total rate of reduction in the number of sperm in the epididymis were considered. PCMC administered per os in rats during organogenesis is not teratogenic. PCMC does not reverse mutation in S. typhimurium strains with and without metabolic fraction. There was no increase in the frequency of micronuclei in bone marrow. IARC experts put 4-chlo-ro-3-me-thylphenol in group D, i.e., substances not classified for carcinogenicity to humans. In Poland and in most other European countries, the value of the maximum permissible concentration of 4-chlo-ro-3-methylphenol in workplace air is not set. In 2005, in Sweden, the standard values of PCMC were TWA 3 mg/m3 and STEL 6 mg/m[sup]3[/sup] and information that it is an allergen, in The Netherlands in 2003, TWA was 3 mg/m[sup]3[/sup] . Resulting from the 24-month study on rats, the NOAEL of 21 mg/kg/day was used to calculate the TWA. The Expert Group for Chemical Agents recommended a TWA value of 5 mg/m[sup]3[/sup] (inha-lable fraction) and notation “A”(a sensitizing agent) I (an irritating agent).<br/><br/>
Authors and Affiliations
Krystyna Sitarek
Keywords
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