A Clinical Study on Pulmonary Function Tests in Adult Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 9
Abstract
Background: The effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) on pulmonary functions and the prevalence of pulmonary complications are poorly characterized. Few authors report normal pulmonary functions and even concluded that spirometry is not at all necessary in diabetic patients. Some studies have shown a reduction in lung capacity in patients of DM and reported a varied impact depending on the duration and glycemic control of DM. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study is to evaluate pulmonary functions of patients with DM Type-2 in the northern part of Kerala. Materials and Methods: A total of 104 subjects were divided into two groups: Group “A” - 52 adult non-smoking patients with established diagnosis of DM Type-2 and Group “B” - 52 healthy adult volunteers were included in the study. All the subjects were elicited of detailed history, and demographic data were collected. All the subjects were investigated by anthropometry, lipid profile, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and spirometric measurements; the measurements included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced vital capacity in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, FEF25, FEF50, FEF75, FEF25–75, FEF0.2–1.2, and peak expiratory flow rate. All the data were analyzed using standard statistical methods. Associations between FVC and FEV1and HbA1c and duration of illness in diabetic patients were analyzed by applying Pearson’s coefficient. Observations and Results: Both the Group A and B patients were matched by age, sex, and anthropometric features. The subjects belonged to the age groups of 40–70 years with a mean age of 52.48 ± 3.60 in Group A and 53.10 ± 2.75 in Group B (P > 0.5). There were 28 males and 24 females in Group A. There were 26 males and 26 females in Group B. Group A patients showed a reduction in FVC and FEV1 when compared to subjects of Group B which was significant. There was no significant difference between forced expiratory ratio and maximum mid-expiratory flow among the two groups. Serum triglyceride (TG) levels were significantly higher in Group A patients (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Type-2 DM being an endocrinal systemic disease when affects over a long period may result in a reduction in lung functions caused by restrictive ventilator pathological changes.
Authors and Affiliations
Tirupati S Rajasekhar
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