A study of the clinical manifestations of closed head injuries and their correlation with Glasgow coma scale scores
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Ophthalmology - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 2
Abstract
Objectives: To study the ocular manifestations of closed head injuries and their correlation with Glasgow coma scale, the demographic profile of head injuries and the neurological lesions associated with head injury. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken on 100 patients with closed head injury. Conscious status was assessed using Glasgow coma scale. The head injury was graded as follows: mild(GCS 14-15),moderate(GCS 9-13),severe (GCS 3- 8).Thorough examination of anterior segment, posterior segment,extraocular movements, visual acuity and investigations were carried out for all patients. Results: The highest incidence of head injuries was in the age group of 20 to 39 years. There were 87 males and 13 females. The mean age for males is 33.63 ± 14.4 and the mean age for females is 25.23 ± 12.44. In this study, 85.71% cases of severe head injury had trauma to ocular adnexae, 28.57% cases had anterior segment manifestations, 42.86% cases had posterior segment manifestations and 42.86% cases had neuroophthalmic manifestations. Conclusion: In severe head injury (GCS 3-8), it is important to look for neuroophthalmic manifestations. Also the prescence of posterior segment findings in all cases of closed head injury shouldn’t be missed. There should be a detailed early ophthalmological assessment in all patients with head injury. The importance of road safety both for the passenger and the pedestrian is to be stressed.
Authors and Affiliations
Jacob Shaji, Suresha Anepla Rajappa
Keywords
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