ACTIVITIES OF BRANCH NO. 2 OF DIVISION II OF CHIEF OF STAFF HR OF POLISH ARMY AGAINST MASURIAN POPULATION IN THE 1930S
Journal Title: Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces - Year 2010, Vol 155, Issue 1
Abstract
Formed in the year 1930, Branch no. 2 of Division II of the Chief of Staff HR of the Polish Army located in Warsaw, unlike other branches, did not function as a country branch of Division II but it was engaged in organizing subversion and sabotage in the event of the war in neighbouring countries. A very important part of its activity constituted the area of East Prussia.At the end of 1930 there appeared a working plan of Branch no.2 in Masuria which was developing in the two following directions:a) awakening and organizing a Polish and Philolopolish element, b) building technical subversive centres based on the organized Polish element.In order to regulate issues of the Polish minority being used by the Branch no. 2, in April 1934 an agreement with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was reached. It was established that political directives related to all socio-political issues of the Polish minority abroad would be dealt with by the MFA. In return for the agreement to use the Polish minority in its activities, Branch no. 2 pledged to provide the MFA with access to possessed contacts in order to perform political actions.Subsection A of Branch no. 2 created the working plan concerning Masuria (providing close cooperation with agendas of the MFA) divided into legal and illegal parts. By supporting gromadkarstwo Polish consulates in East Prussia intended to restrain German influence, whereas military authorities attempted to organize subversive centres having the use of conditions enabling open actions. However, after Germany had gained power in the National Socialist German Workers Party, in the lapse of time, the Polish range in East Prussia, as well as the range of activities of the Branch No. 2, were dwindling substantially. On the day of the outbreak of the Second World War Polish people had no subversive centre. For this reason, as the preparation for the war, in May 1939 Division II began organizing subversive groups belonging to Polish districts adjacent to Germany.
Authors and Affiliations
Adam SZYMANOWICZ, Artur GOŁĘBIOWSKI
Keywords
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