Aggravation of Penalties under Canon Law and Polish Criminal Law
Journal Title: Kościół i Prawo - Year 2019, Vol 8, Issue 1
Abstract
Canon 1326 § 1 and 2 CIC/83 provides for circumstances that are optional but can result in a harsher punishment of the offender. Regulations which provide for the aggravation of penalties were also incorporated in Article 64 § 1 and 2, Article 65 § 1, Article 57a § 1 and 2, and Article 91 § 1, 2 and 3 of the Penal Code. Both of these systems, however, do not exist in a vacuum. They refer to specific individuals who are simultaneously the faithful of the Catholic Church but also Polish citizens. The presented article is intended to characterize institutions that aggravate penalties and to demonstrate the similarities and differences between the two systems. Therefore, the systems of canon law and civil law contain systematic regulations that are both similar (as in the case of reoffending) and different, the latter being more numerous. The main reason for this is that criminal law is highly abstract law because it addresses all Polish citizens as well as individuals staying on the Polish territory. The regulations are designed to punish the perpetrator in a manner consistent with the expectations of the public as well as to serve preventive and educational objectives that the penalty is to achieve with regard to the offender, and the need to develop legal awareness in society. In contrast, canon law addresses specific entities that are the faithful of the Catholic Church. In addition, it is guided by the principle of clemency of church punishment contained in canon 1349 CIC/83.
Authors and Affiliations
Agnieszka Smoluchowska
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP664603
- DOI 10.18290/kip.2019.8.1-12
- Views 80
- Downloads 0
Kanoniczna odpowiedzialność za dokonanie przestępstwa aborcji (kan. 1398) w kontekście przesłanek dopuszczalności przerywania ciąży w prawie polskim
Nauka Kościoła katolickiego wskazuje na bezwzględną ochronę życia poczętego. W artykule omówiono zagadnienia związane z karą ekskomuniki za dokonanie aborcji oraz relacją norm prawa kościelnego do przepisów obowiązującyc...
Crime of euthanasia in the catholic Church legislation
The following article addresses the issues connected to euthanasia in the light of canon law. It presents the stance of the Roman Catholic Church, which objects to putting the sick to death for any reason whatsoever. F...
Entities Obliged to Raise a Child According to Stefan Cardinal Wyszynski. Selected Issues
The upbringing of the child was the subject of numerous statements by Stefan Cardinal Wyszynski. In this regard, he distinguished three basic communities which had not only rights but above all specific duties in the are...
Formacja ludzka kandydatów do kapłaństwa według „Zasad formacji kapłańskiej w Polsce” z 1999 roku i uchwał II Polskiego Synodu Plenarnego
Ecclesiastical legislator committed conference of bishops in each country to develop a program of priestly formation. Polish Bishops Conference has issued standards that have been approved by the Congregation for Catholi...
Reguły kolizyjne znajdujące zastosowanie w przypadku wystąpienia sprzecznych dekretów poszczególnych (kan. 53)
Autor prezentowanego artykułu scharakteryzował kan. 53 KPK/83, w którym zostały zawarte dwie reguły kolizyjne znajdujące zastosowanie w przypadku wystąpienia sprzecznych dekretów poszczególnych. Zgodnie z przeprowadzoną...