An ultrasonographic evaluation of foetal head types during second and third trimester of pregnancy
Journal Title: Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences - Year 2015, Vol 3, Issue 8
Abstract
Among foetuses of different population, mesocephalic, brachycephalic and hyperbrachycephalic heads have been frequent. The present research was conducted to study various head types and its distribution among foetuses after first trimester up to full term of pregnancy by ultrasonography. Brachycephalic (5.2%) head was more frequent than hyperbrachycephalic (3.2%) during first four weeks of second trimester. During 16.1-20 weeks of gestational age, brachycephalic head type (6.4%) predominated over mesocephalic and hyperbrachycephalic. Mesocephalic head (4%) ranked next to brachycephalic (5.2%) during 20.1-24 weeks. But during 24.1-32 weeks, mesocephalic head predominated over brachycephalic head. During subsequent age interval, brachycephalic type (17.2%) outnumbered mesocephalic type (10.4%) and continued to dominate (11.2%) over mesocephalic head (2.8%) up to full term. Overall, brachycephalic foetal head type constituted the major chunk (54%; CI 82.11 ± 1.39) followed by mesocephalic (33.6%; CI 77.88 ± 1.36) and hyperbrachycehalic head (8.4%; CI 86.67 ± 1.16). Dolichocephalic head was noted to be the least (4%; CI 73.2 ± 3.16) among the foetuses during 12.1 – 40 weeks of gestation. The present study concluded that the commonest type foetal skull was brachycephalic followed by mesocephalic whereas dolichocephalic was the least common type in this part of country. Keywords: Foetus, Cephalic index, Gestational Age, Brachycephalic, Mesocephalic
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Lokesh Goyal, Dr. Prem Chandra Srivastava, Dr. Sangita Agarwal, Dr. Shikha Saxena, Dr. Ranjana Gupta
Keywords
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