ARCTIC REGION: POLITICAL AND STRATEGIC APPROACHES OF COUNTRIES
Journal Title: Deniz Araştırmaları ve Mavi Strateji Dergisi (DA&MS) (Journal of Marine Research and Blue Strategy) - Year 2021, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
With the effect of global warming, the gradual reduction of the ice in the Arctic requires not only combating the widespread effects of climate change but als orapidly increasing the interest and potential in resource development issues such as new maritime trade routes, mining, oil and gas exploration, tourism and fishing. The fact that 90 percent of the World trade is done by sea reveals the importance of the Arctic route. Increasing trade between Europe and Asia has brought about an increase in the maritime traffic between the two continents. Increased maritime trade leads to further clogging of existing sea routes and narrow waterways such as Suez Canal and the Malacca Strait that connect these roads by shortcuts. Also, ships using these routes are exposed more piracy attacks. With this regard, the new Arctic routes are not expected to replace the existing routes currently in use. However, it is expected to alternatively be complementary and provide additional capacity for increased maritime trade volume. The opening and future development of the Arctic routes depends on favorable climatic conditions in theArctic Ocean. However, the development of these routes will also be affected by decisions in the economic and political fields. Non-Arctic states, which intend to secure their share of the region’s natural resources including minerals and hydrocarbons and scientific research, have also emphasized that they want to be an influential actor in the international system by taking the stage in the Arctic region. These countries, which are accepted as observer members of the Arctic Council, have already started to take their places in the Arctic by developing their Arctic policies.
Authors and Affiliations
Özlem MULUN AKPINAR
Keywords
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