Biological Andchemical Approach In The Management Crown Gall Disease Of Roses Under Greenhouse Conditions
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) - Year 2018, Vol 13, Issue 6
Abstract
Objective: Rose is the most popular cut-flower world-wide and in Kenya it accounts for about 38 % in floriculture value chain. However, its production faces significant challenges due to pests and diseases. In particular, crown gall disease caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens is one of its most limiting factors of production. The disease causes substantial yield loss which warrants an urgent need to explore sustainable management options. The management of crown gall in roses currently includes cultural practices and chemical control methods. The study aimed at evaluating the antagonistic activity of naturally occurring Agrobacterium radiobacter isolates from different flower farms in Nanyuki, Naivasha, Murang’a and Timau against Agrobacterium tumefaciens. In addition, Elianto oil, copper hydroxide (kocide 2000) and copper oxychloride were evaluated as chemical control agents Methodology: Isolates ofAgrobacterim tumefaciens were obtained from young and fresh galls of infected rose plants while isolates of Agrobacterium radiobacter were isolated from soil sample obtained from the greenhouses. Yeast Extract Mannitol Agar supplemented with Congo red dye and Yeast Extract Peptone media were used for study. Complete randomized design was used in isolation of Agrobacterial isolates in the laboratory.Colony morphology and biochemical tests performed included: Gram staining, catalase test, urease test, salt tolerance test, 3-ketolactose test, motility test and H2S production for identification and confirmation of the agrobacterial isolates. Carrot disc assay test was conducted on Agrobacterium tumefaciens for pathogenicity test while in vitro antagonistic test was done on Agrobacterium radiobacter. In the greenhouse experiments, chemical test was done using copper kocide, copper oxychloride and corn oil while pathogenicity test was carried out using Agrobacterium radiobacter and Agrobacterium tumefaciens isolates on four varieties of rose plants. Results and application: Minimum incidence (6 percent) of crown gall was observed on Topsun, Fuschiana and H3O Rose varieties upon inoculation with Agrobacterium radiobacter isolates compared to 54 percent in the control. In Furiosa variety, there was minimal incidence of crown gall disease on treated plants and in control. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the interaction between rose flower variety and treatments on the number of plants with galls. In chemical control, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the interaction between treatment and variety with regard to number of plants with galls. The study confirmed that biocontrol and chemical agents used had the potential in the management of crown gall disease on rose flower plants. Therefore, the study recommends on formulation Agrobacterium radiobacter as a commercial biopesticide and applies it on a larger scale and use of bactericides on regulated measures.
Authors and Affiliations
Gitari J. M. , Maingi J. M. , Onyango B. O. , Judith M. Gitari
Keywords
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- EP ID EP415715
- DOI 10.9790/3008-1306012533.
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