BORROWED WORDS IN THE ENGLISH TERMINOLOGY OF FORESTRY
Journal Title: Scientific journal «International Journal of Philology» - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 276
Abstract
It has been analyzed the borrowed words in the English terminology of Forestry, studied their etymology, semantic peculiarities, classification types, and functioning. The study of origin and source of a borrowed unit and its use reveals the entire scope of the definite meaning within the specialized language. The borrowed stock of words is referred to: loan word (when a word is adopted from one language and is incorporated in a recipient language without translation) and loan translation (a calque, when a word is borrowed from another language by literal translation of its components). The research has shown that the word stock of the English terminology of Forestry is etymologically heterogenous. In the process of historical development of the forestry science and its technical appliances, the vocabulary was enlarged and enriched by loans and loan translations. The largest source of borrowing was Latin due to the fact that it was the Lingua Franca of science and academic centers in the previous centuries. Then new concepts were traditionally named using loans or components of classical languages. Some words had earlier come into Latin from Greek. Besides Latin, a great number of terms of Germanic origin (in particular Scandinavian ones) have been presented and they cannot be dated. The borrowing process was also stimulated by the different centers of forestry where professionals were native speakers of German, French, Italian and numerous borrowed units have been incorporated into the forestry science. Moreover, Latin and Greek words have commonly been used in systematic or taxonomic names for plants and animals. There have been traced a shift in semantic meaning of some terms and changes of the former terms and assimilation of new ones. At the current stage in the development of the English terminology of Forestry, borrowing as one of the sources of specialized stock enrichment is primarily carried out based on traditional word formation models using loan words or combinations of Latin or Greek elements and native English word stock. The prospect of the further research is intended to present the semantic analysis of the forestry terms and compare their meanings and functioning with the relative units in adjacent terminology systems.
Authors and Affiliations
L Myklash
Keywords
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