Cardiovascular Complications of Acute Amphetamine Abuse Cross-sectional study
Journal Title: Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal - Year 2017, Vol 17, Issue 1
Abstract
Objectives: Tis study aimed to evaluate cardiovascular complications among patients who abuse amphetamines. Methods: Tis cross-sectional study took place between April 2014 and April 2015 among 3,870 patients referred to the Toxicology Emergency Department of Baharlou Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tose with clinical signs of drug abuse and positive urine screening tests were included in the study, while cases of chronic abuse were excluded. Cardiac complications were evaluated via electrocardiography (ECG) and transthoracic echocardiography. Results: A total of 230 patients (5.9%) had a history of acute amphetamine abuse and positive urine tests. Of these, 32 patients (13.9%) were <20 years old and 196 (85.2%) were male. In total, 119 (51.7%) used amphetamine and methamphetamine compounds while 111 (48.3%) used amphetamines with morphine or benzodiazepines. Te most common ECG fnding was sinus tachycardia (43.0%), followed by sinus tachycardia plus a prolonged QT interval (34.3%). Mean creatine kinase-MB and troponin I levels were 35.9 ± 4.3 U/mL and 0.6 ± 0.2 ng/mL, respectively. A total of 60 patients (26.1%) were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. Te majority (83.3%) of these patients had normal echocardiography results. Te mean aortic root diameter (ARD) was 27.2 ± 2.8 mm. Abnormalities related to the ARD were found in 10 patients (16.7%), three of whom subsequently died. Conclusion: According to these fndings, cardiac complications were common among Iranian patients who abuse amphetamines, although the majority of patients had normal echocardiography and ECG fndings.
Authors and Affiliations
Elham Bazmi| Department of Forensic Medicine, Legal Medicine Research Center, Tehran, Iran, Farinaz Mousavi| Department of Forensic Medicine, Legal Medicine Research Center, Tehran, Iran, Leila Giahchin| Department of Forensic Medicine, Legal Medicine Research Center, Tehran, Iran, Tahmineh Mokhtari| Departments of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Behnam Behnoush| Departments of Forensic Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Keywords
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