Central Nervous System Manifestation of Multiple Myeloma: A Case Report
Journal Title: Open Access Journal of Oncology and Medicine - Year 2018, Vol 2, Issue 1
Abstract
Multiple myeloma accounts for <1% of all malignancies and Central nervous system (CNS) manifestation of multiple myeloma (MM) is rare. Multiple myelomais characterized by malignant transformation of plasma cells that produces immunoglobulin chains. The accumulation of plasma cells in bone marrow results in clinical features like anaemia, osteolytic lesions, hypocalcaemia, renal failure and immunodeficiency [1,2]. The involvement of central nervous system is very uncommon in multiple myeloma and it may present early or late during the course of disease. The neurological symptoms can be diffuse headache, persistent vomiting, vertigo, weakness in limbs, urinary incontinence etc. Symptoms can be attributed to spinal cord or nerve root compression, peripheral neuropathies, and uremia [3,4]. Likely risk factors of CNS manifestation are unfavourable cytogenetics, high tumour load, low marrow involvement. In this report we describe a patient with CNS involvement after receiving systemic chemotherapy and symptomatic treatment. A 52 years pleasant lady presented with complaint of pain in left leg with lower backache and tingling sensations for 10 days. Subsequently she developed pain in right leg followed by urine incontinence. MRI Lumbosacral Spine was done which reported ill defined lesions at L3-L4 vertebra (with associated periosseous fluid collections) and multiple focal lesions in the L4 vertebra, bilateral sacral ala and both iliac bones along with indentations upon the thecal sac by spondyliticridges, secondary spinal canal stenosis and neural foraminal narrowing at multiple levels and left exiting nerve root compression at L3-L4, L5-S1 levels (Table 1). She underwent L1-L5 stabilization, L3 decompression with laminectomy, biopsy, posterolateral fusion with local autograft. Histopathology reported plasma cell dyscrasia at L3-L4 level.
Authors and Affiliations
Dinesh Singh, Prekshi Chowdhary, Swati M, Gopal S
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP587908
- DOI 10.32474/OAJOM.2018.02.000128
- Views 59
- Downloads 0
Colorectal Cancer in UAE, Implications on the Screening Program 2018
a) Colorectal cancer is the fourth (4th) common cancer in both sexes, worldwide and is the third most common cancer in men and the second in women. b) In 2012, 1.36 million cases of colorectal cancer occurred and there w...
A Case of Malignant Lymphomas that Healed Completely After Oral Administrations of 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde
In 1969, Mutsuyuki Kochi [1,2] developed 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde for use as a novel anti-tumor agent without side effect and acquired its patent. Accordingly, this medicine is capable of preventing carcinogenesis when used...
The Potential Role of Thioctic Acid in the Attenuation of Doxorubicin Induced-Cardiotoxicity
During 1950s in Italy a soil sample was isolated and found new strains of Streptomyces peucetius bacteria from which a new antibiotic was extracted with potent effect against murine tumors, this antibiotic named daunorub...
Spinal Meningioma: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management
Tumors have several types that can build up in or near the spine. There are many types of spinal tumors. They can appoint the spinal cord, nerve roots or the vertebrae (bones of the spine) and pelvis. Spinal tumors have...
Checkpoint Inhibitors in Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in squamous NSCLC with tolerable toxicity profile. They are used as a monotherapy, in combination with chemotherapy or following chemo-radiotherapy as a first line, second...