Clinical profile of dengue fever in central India
Journal Title: MedPulse -International Medical Journal - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 4
Abstract
Introduction: Dengue fever is an arboviral infection that has been prevalent in India for more than two centuries. Epidemic dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) have emerged as a global public health problem in recent decades. Aims and objectives: To study various clinical presentations, complications and outcome in confirmed cases of dengue. Methodology: This prospective observational study was carried out after clearance from local ethical committee from December 2013 to November 2015 in tertiary care hospital. All eligible subjects of either sex according to inclusion/exclusion criteria who were admitted in the hospital due to acute febrile illness were evaluated for clinical and biochemical features of Dengue fever, dengue fever with warning signs and severe dengue.. Continuous variables like age were presented as mean ± standard deviation while categorical variables like gender, symptoms and clinical signs were expressed as actual numbers and percentages. Categorical variables were compared across three groups by performing one-way ANOVA test. Pearson’s chi square test was used to compare outcome with mortality. For small numbers Fischer exact test was applied. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Statistical software STATA version 13.1 was used for statistical analysis. Result: Out of 200 dengue viral infection cases 117 were males and 83 were females. The male to female ratio was 1.4:1. Most cases were young and below age of 30 years. Fever was the most common clinical presentation seen in all subjects. This was followed by body ache (67%), headache (46.5%), oedema (39%), rash (36.5%), vomiting (28%) and abdominal pain (26%). An increased hematocrit percentage was seen with severity of dengue fever and a fall in platelet count was noted with severity of dengue. Cases having multiple systemic involvements such as acute renal failure, ARDS, hepatic and neurological involvement was significantly found to be associated with severity and mortality in dengue patients. Conclusion: It could be concluded from our study that, young adults are at risk of dengue the most. Dengue fever with warning signs and severe dengue is associated with more incidence of acute liver failure and hypoalbuminemia and is also statistically correlated with bleeding, AKI, ARDS and neurological manifestations in the study. Mortality in dengue is associated with multiple systemic complications.
Authors and Affiliations
Lovin Wilson K A, Prashant L Patil
Keywords
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