CRISPR-Cas Systems in Prokaryotes
Journal Title: Polish Journal of Microbiology - Year 2015, Vol 64, Issue 3
Abstract
Prokaryotic organisms possess numerous strategies that enable survival in hostile conditions. Among others, these conditions include the invasion of foreign nucleic acids such as bacteriophages and plasmids. The clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) system provides the majority of bacteria and archaea with adaptive and hereditary immunity against this threat. This mechanism of immunity is based on short fragments of foreign DNA incorporated within the hosts genome. After transcription, these fragments guide protein complexes that target foreign nucleic acids and promote their degradation. The aim of this review is to summarize the current status of CRISPR-Cas research, including the mechanisms of action, the classification of different types and subtypes of these systems, and the development of new CRISPR-Cas-based molecular biology tools.
Authors and Affiliations
Michał Burmistrz, Krzysztof Pyrc
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP81180
- DOI 10.5604/01.3001.0009.2114
- Views 94
- Downloads 0
Outpatient Antibiotic Consumption Fluctuations in a View of Unreasonable Antibacterial Therapy
Unreasonable antibacterial therapy is suspected to be the main reason of emergence of multi-resistant bacteria. The connection between seasonal variability of antibiotic use and reasonable antibacterial therapy has been...
Changes in the Concentration of Carbonyl Compounds during the Alcoholic Fermentation Process Carried out with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the source material and the applied S. cerevisiae strain on the concentrations of carbonyl fractions in raw spirits. Acetaldehyde was the most common aldehyde found,...
Levels of Organic Compounds, Number of Microorganisms and Cadmium Accumulation in Festuca ovina Hydroponic Culture
Understanding the microbiological, biochemical and physiological aspects of phytoremediation of soil and water environments polluted to different degrees with heavy metals has very important theoretical and practical imp...
Intestinal Microbiota, Obesity and Prebiotics
Over the past few decades there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of obesity in both children and adults. Obesity is a disease that has reached epidemic levels on a global scale. The development of obesit...
<strong>The Functions of Effector Proteins in <em>Yersinia</em> Virulence</strong>
[i]Yersinia [/i]species are bacterial pathogens that can cause plague and intestinal diseases after invading into human cells through the Three Secretion System (TTSS). The effect of pathogenesis is mediated by [i]Yersin...