Effect of Supplemental Feed Additives on the Performance of Broilers
Journal Title: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology Advances - Year 2015, Vol 5, Issue 10
Abstract
Poultry farmers are usually desirous of getting their birds to reach market weight within the shortest possible period. While this could be dependent on various factors such as the type or breed of the day-old-chick, the effect of feed additives plays a significant role (Oruwari, 1993; Wekhe and Olowo, 1994). Feed additives (growth promoters) that contain the androgens, estrogens, or the growth hormone, have an anabolic effect and so could promote weight gain. The growth rate of broiler chickens has continued to increase significantly as a result of a better understanding of the nutrient requirements of the birds. Supplementing animal fed with antimicrobial agents to enhance growth has been common practice for more than 30 years and it is estimated to constitute more than half the total antimicrobial use worldwide (Wagener et al., 2002). The potential public health consequences of this use have been debated; however until recently, clear evidence of a health risk was not available. For example, accumulating evidence now indicates that the use of the glycopeptides avoparein as a growth promoter has created in food animals, a major reservoir of resistant Enterococcus faecium (Wagener et al., 2002). Also, because of their carcinogenic effects in humans, they are not approved for use in the United States and Europe (McDonald et al., 1997). Similarly, it is reported that glycopeptides-resistant strains can be transmitted from animal to human (Bager et al., 1997; Jensen, 1998).
Authors and Affiliations
K. O. Ogbamgba , S. N. Wekhe , O. S. George
Keywords
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