Effect of total and partial nephrectomy on the elimination of ciprofloxacin in humans.
Journal Title: Pharmacological Reports - Year 2012, Vol 64, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer. Surgery is a standard procedure to resect the tumor during total (TN) or partial (nephron-sparing) nephrectomy (PN). Ciprofloxacin is most often administered at the usual intravenous dose of 100-400 mg/12 h. The application of such low doses of ciprofloxacin as 200 mg/24 h carries the risk of achieving subtherapeutic concentrations even in patients with limited renal function. The aim of the study was a comparison of concentrations and pharmacokinetics for ciprofloxacin at steady-state in patients after total and partial nephrectomy and evaluation of the effectiveness of the iv dose 200 mg/24 h against the theoretical value of MIC, 0.5 μg/ml. Methods: The research was carried out on two groups of patients after nephrectomy: total (group 1, n = 21; mean [SD], age, 62.9 [14.4] years; weight, 76.0 [14.6] kg; creatinine clearance, CL(CR), 90.7 [22.2] ml/min) and partial (group 2, n = 15; 61.7 [9.3] years; 87.8 [16.4] kg; CL(CR), 107.8 [36.4] ml/min). The patients were treated with ciprofloxacin in the dose of 200 mg/24 h (iv). Plasma concentrations of ciprofloxacin at steady state were measured with validated HPLC method with UV detection. Results: The mean values of plasma concentrations of ciprofloxacin at steady state in group 1 and 2 were: C(ss)(max), 2.012 and 1.345; C(ss)(min), 0.437 and 0.244 μg/ml, respectively. The main pharmacokinetic parameters for ciprofloxacin in group 1 and 2 were as follows: AUC((0-last)), 30.9 [17.9] and 19.5 [8.7] μg h/ml; AUMC((0-last)), 177.91 [11.1] and 91.9 [66.5] μg h(2)/ml; t(1/2β), 13.9 [7.7] and 9.8 [3.3] h; MRT, 16.5 [12.1] and 9.77 [5.4] h; V(d), 115.0 [67.2] and 142.2 [78.7] l; CL, 6.2 [3.3] and 10.8 [5.7] l/h, respectively. With the assumed MIC = 0.5 μg/ml, the values of C(ss)(max)/MIC < 10 and AUC/MIC < 125 were obtained in all the patients. Conclusion: In our patients we observed significant differences in some pharmacokinetic parameters of ciprofloxacin after two types of nephrectomy.
Authors and Affiliations
Edyta Szałek, Wojciech Połom, Agnieszka Karbownik, Tomasz Grabowski, Anna Wolc, Marcin Matuszewski, Kazimierz Krajka, Edmund Grześkowiak
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP156133
- DOI -
- Views 86
- Downloads 0
Anxiolytic action of group II and III metabotropic glutamate receptors agonists involves neuropeptide Y in the amygdala.
Several lines of evidence indicate that activation of group II and III metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors produces anxiolytic-like effects in rodents. On the other hand neuropeptide Y (NPY) induces an anxiolytic eff...
Alpha(1) and alpha(2)-adrenoreceptor antagonists in streptozotocin- and vincristine-induced hyperalgesia.
The effect of alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-adrenoreceptor antagonists (prazosin and yohimbine, respectively) on streptozotocin (STZ)- and vincristine (VIN)-induced hyperalgesia in rats was studied. In two experimental models,...
Trans-4-aminocrotonic acid (TACA), a potent agonist of GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors, shows a proconvulsant action in the electroconvulsive threshold test in mice.
In the present study, we evaluated TACA (a potent agonist of GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors) in the electroconvulsive threshold test in mice. Surprisingly, TACA (at 15 and 25 mg/kg) significantly decreased the threshold....
Effects of low doses of intracerebroventricular 6-OHDA on the levels of monoaminergic neurotransmitters in rat brain structures.
The objective of this study was to determine the degree and specificity of noradrenergic lesions in different areas of the rat brain after intracerebroventricular administration of low doses of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)...
Modulation of chemical signaling: current problems after four decades of research. Symposium on the occasion of the retirement of Professor Manfred Göthert. Bonn [Germany], June 10, 2006.