Effectiveness of Antipseudomonal Antibiotics and Mechanisms of Multidrug Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Journal Title: Polish Journal of Microbiology - Year 2016, Vol 65, Issue 1
Abstract
[i]Pseudomonas aeruginosa[/i] is a leading human pathogen that causes serious infections at various tissues and organs leading to life threatening health problems and possible deadly outcomes. Resistance patterns vary widely whether it is from hospitals or community acquired infections. Reporting resistance profiles to a certain antibiotics provide valuable information in a given setting, but may be extrapolated outside the sling location. In the present study, [i]P. aeruginosa[/i] isolates were screened to determine their susceptibilities against antipseudomonal antimicrobial agents and possible existing mechanisms of resistance were determined. Eighty-six isolates of [i]P. aeruginosa[/i] were recovered. Isolates representing different resistance profiles were screened for the existence of three different resistance mechanisms including drug inactivation due to metallo-β-lactamases, drug impermeability by outer membrane proteins and drug efflux. All tested isolates showed uniform susceptibility (100%, n = 86/86) to piperacillin, meropenem, amikacin, and polymyxin B. A single isolate was found to be imipenem resistant (99%, n = 85/86). The possible mechanisms of resistance of [i]P. aeruginosa[/i] to imipenem involve active drug efflux pumps, outer membrane impermeability as well as drug inactivating enzymes. These findings demonstrate the fundamental importance of the[i] in vitro[/i] susceptibility testing of antibiotics prior to antipseudomonal therapy and highlight the need for a continuous antimicrobial resistance surveillance programs to monitor the changing resistance patterns so that clinicians and health care officials are updated as to the most effective therapeutic agents to combat the serious outcomes of[i] P. aeruginosa[/i] infections.
Authors and Affiliations
Mohamed E. El Zowalaty, Béla Gyetvai
Keywords
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