Evolution of scientific theories of the development of relations between the state and civil society
Journal Title: Публічне управління та митне адміністрування - Year 2017, Vol 2, Issue
Abstract
It was determined that the public problem arose with the emergence of the state and the division of society into the state and non-state spheres of human activity. Since then, the question of the relationship between government and society has been at the center of general attention and has often been the cause of many social conflicts, political upheavals and revolutions. This right was considered as a reflection of a set of universally valid norms and values that determine not only political procedures, but also the content of life. It is noted that the public is considered as a set of independent associations of citizens that organize the relations between the individual and the state, and, if necessary, protect the individual’s freedom from government incidents. The starting point of the M-tradition is a strong centralized state, from which it is necessary to defend. A social contract leads to the creation of a state, but not society. And only the state, by its own authority, ensures that the merger of individual individuals, which generates society. These ideas reflect in many respects the views of ancient Greek philosophers who represented political society as an indivisible system of power. Hobbes proceeds from the fact that according to the ancient concept, the basis of the political system is the moral laws, and not the right, which is limited to legislative acts and power decrees. By themselves, these laws are not binding, they can only be transformed into normal behavior. This power, which guarantees peace and the realization of natural laws, is the absolute power of the state. People by mutual agreement convey to the state in the face of the sovereign supreme power over itself, which is absolute. The state has only supervising functions: it contributes to the development of the economy, forcing people to work, educating, and vigorously combating education, the spread of which threatens the state collapse. The presence of contradictions and hostile relations between individuals in civil society determines the formation of the state and the emergence of civil and political laws with it. Political relations, rights and freedoms of citizens are regulated by political laws, under the jurisdiction of civil laws fall property relations. In the concept of the monastic rule of Montesquieu, society is understood as “intermediate power”, then “political communities”, then “society or community” as a result of the division of the estate. Being in educational positions, the philosopher spoke about the future separation of state and society, while Locke changed the very definition of society. The sovereignty of the people is a prerequisite for a state organization based on the principles of democracy, and in the event of its violation by the government, the social contract is canceled. Supreme political power “can not cross the boundaries of common bargaining, and every person can completely dispose of the fact that he presented these deals from his property and freedom”. Thus, analyzing the genesis of the concepts that are considered by the public, it should be noted that in the theoretical terms, the term “state” and “the public” have not been resolved by the end, their content has not been clarified
Authors and Affiliations
Миколаєць А. П.
Keywords
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