External Tooth Bleaching – A Review
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2017, Vol 16, Issue 10
Abstract
The current knowledge of tooth whitening with respect to external bleaching methods is to be reviewed.There has been a dramatic increase in the number of products and procedures over current years with a concomitant rise in publications on this topic with regards to the importance of tooth whitening for patient and consumers. According to the Literature, mechanisms of tooth whitening by peroxide happen by the diffusion of peroxide over enamel to cause oxidation and therefore lightening of coloured species, particularly within the dentinal regions. Changes in tooth colour can be measured using a number of approaches. They arevisual measurements by skilled clinicians and instrumental measurements using spectrophotometry, chromameters and digital image analysis. The main factors that affect tooth whitening efficacy by peroxide comprising products are concentration and time. Generally, greater concentrations are faster than lesser concentrations. However, lesser concentrations can approach the efficacy of greater concentrations with prolonged treatment times. Other bleach systems to peroxide have received only slight attention. The effectiveness of light activated systems versus non-light activated controls in clinical studies is restricted and contradictory. Other factors which can influence tooth bleaching outcome contain type of stain, initial tooth colour and subject age.
Authors and Affiliations
Nivedita Lukram, V. Prakash, P. Vivekanandhan, V. G. Sukumaran, A. Subbiya, N. GoldPearlin Mary
Keywords
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- EP ID EP239252
- DOI 10.9790/0853-1610031620
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