Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology in Palpable as Well as in Non-palpable Breast Lesions: A Study of 430 Cases
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY - Year 2019, Vol 6, Issue 10
Abstract
Background: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an established, highly accurate, and cost-effective method for diagnosing lesions in different organs including the breast. The method is minimally invasive without unwanted side effects. At present, accurate diagnosis of breast lesions depends on a triple assessment approach that is combined clinical, radiological, and pathological diagnosis. FNAC is widely adopted for pathological diagnosis of different types of the breast lesions. In developing countries, like India, malignant causes as well as non-malignant causes are the most common causes of breast lump. FNAC proves to be a valuable tool in diagnosing these cases. Aims: This study intended to look the frequencies and various cytomorphological presentations of different lesions on FNAC of breast lump. Materials and Methods: In a study period of January 2015–December 2017, in the Pathology Department, GMERS Medical College, Ahmedabad, 430 patients of breast lesions for FNAC came. Those were subjected to cytological evaluation with hematoxylin and eosin, Giemsa, Papanicolaou, and Ziehl–Neelsen stained smears. We assessed the age of the patients, lesion size, site, type of lesion, and axillary lymph node metastasis in case of malignancies. In addition, the ultrasonography/mammography of these patients with the clinical presentation was also studied. Results: Age ranges from 13 to 100 years with a mean age of 38 years. Among the lesions, 31.86% fibroadenoma, 23.02% malignant lesions, 11.81% fibrocystic changes, and 20.23% inflammatory lesions were identified. Mean lesion size was 3.37 ± 2.08 cm. 12 (12.12%) of malignant lesion cases showed metastasis in axillary lymph nodes. Conclusion: FNAC serves as a safe, rapid, economical, requiring minimal instrumentation, and highly sensitive tool for the diagnosis of different kind of the breast lesions and ductal carcinoma. The cytomorphological examination of these lesions before operation or treatment serves as an important diagnostic modality. The sensitivity can be further increased by complementing with radiological and clinical findings.
Authors and Affiliations
Vinita Goyal, Himani Patel, Jignasa Bhalodia
Keywords
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