FOLK INSTRUMENTAL ART OF THE SOUTH OF UKRAINE
Journal Title: Актуальні питання гуманітарних наук: Міжвузівський збірник наукових праць молодих вчених Дрогобицького державного педагогічного університету - Year 2018, Vol 20, Issue 2
Abstract
The development of musical culture in the southern region of Ukraine took place in accordance with the general ten- dencies that were available in other parts of the national cultural space. However, there were a number of differences due to the specificity of the development of artistic practice. Consider these positions in more detail. Some of the most ancient finds of musical instruments belong to the northern shores of the Black Sea, where there were remnants of ancient civili- zation. However, the well-known and information about the instruments of the seaside region, which was associated with the tribes of the Scythians and Sarmatia’s, is mainly percussion instruments. So, at an early stage, the instrumental art of the south developed under the influence of the tendencies that were laid in the Greek colonies. In folk music during the next times it was used a lot of different instruments, but most of the music was given to vocal-choral and ensemble singing. The first collectives included folk instruments begin to emerge in aristocratic and landed estates. An entertaining role played horn orchestras. The time for the existence of such orchestras falls in the second half of the XVIII century. Their musical repertoire included elements of folk music, as well as applied music. Orchestras of folk music and mixed orches- tras that could contain folk instruments were used in different regions of Ukraine. If we are talking about a later stage in the development of instrumental folk performances, then innovations that arise in the XIX century are extremely important. At this time, the conditions for the formation of an extensive musical culture, which is being started thanks to the activity of the RMC in the territory of Ukraine, begin to take place - the establishment of professional music education at institutions of different levels - schools, colleges, conservatories. A considerable role was played by the “Prosvita”. Considering the musical culture of the south of Ukraine, one cannot but recall the figure of M. Arkas, who made an important contribution to the development of this region. In 1925 the Mykolayiv Amateur Orchestra of Folk Instruments was founded, which was known not only in the Black Sea region, but also at the state level. He was called “All-Ukrainian Metalworkers’ Orchestra” (VUORM). Under the guidance of G. Manilov there was a development of the collective, which became professional from the amateur. The activity of the Mykolaiv Orchestra of Folk Instruments became the factor that influenced the appearance of such collec- tives in Odessa. In Soviet times, folk instruments have become mass, moreover, the existing state support for academic performance in folk instruments as a direct source of the priority ideals of nationality and the art of democracy. This process is accompa- nied by the mandatory presence of departments and faculties of “folk instruments” at various levels of the musical educa- tion process. It is at this time that there are various groups, designed for both adult professional musicians and children. In the south of Ukraine, children’s folk instruments were available in Mykolayiv, Sevastopol. After the independence of Ukraine, the process of development of folk orchestral performance is not stopped. So in 1991 the folk art group of the folk instruments orchestra of Kherson Palace of Children and Youth Creation was founded. In the modern Ukrainian space of the southern region of Ukraine, a number of collectives are shown that demonstrate a connection with established traditions, combining them with innovative approaches. If Russian folk instruments pre- vailed in the USSR in the first half of the 20th century, other instruments, including Ukrainian ones, gradually begin to be included, which becomes a characteristic feature of time.
Authors and Affiliations
Ilga KOLTS
Keywords
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