Fungal Infections in Gastroenterology
Journal Title: Current Trends in Gastroenterology and Hepatology - Year 2018, Vol 1, Issue 3
Abstract
Fungal infections are increasing in gastroenterology. Cirrhotic patients, liver transplantation recipients, and patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are vulnerable to these infections. The origin of these fungal infections is frequently the GI tract. The advent of sequencing technology can identify now previously unculturable fungi. Dysbiosis of the mycobiome and microbiome can uncheck normal commensal fungi and turn pathogenic by largely unknown mechanisms Resistance to antifungals is becoming a global problem. New antifungals are in development and they are badly needed. In this mini-review the enteric mycobiota and fungal infections in GI disease are discussed. Fungi are normally present in the gastrointestinal tract as part of the gut microbiome. With the advent of sequencing technology microbes can be studied now that were previous non-culturable. Fungal species, also called the “silent population” are known as the mycobiome [1]. Many pathogenic fungi are commensals in our bodies that cause no harm in normal conditions, but have pathogenic potential. For example, Candida albicans, which causes systemic candidiasis in immunocompromised patients is a normal part of the gut microflora. Why these fungi can turn pathogenic is largely unknown [2]. In a recent editorial in the American Journal of Gastroenterology Brumble and Keaverny pointed to the risky business of fungal infections in patients with cirrhosis, discussing the report of Bajaj et al. [3,4]. Besides liver disease and immunocompromised patients such as in liver transplantation fungal infections occur in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).In this mini-review the enteric mycobiota and fungal infections in GI disease will be discussed.
Authors and Affiliations
Michael AB Naafs MD
Keywords
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- EP ID EP570007
- DOI 10.32474/CTGH.2018.01.000114
- Views 40
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