GENETIC ANALYSIS FOR GRAIN WEIGHT AND GRAIN NUMBER IN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L. Em. Thell)
Journal Title: International Journal of Agriculture Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 9, Issue 20
Abstract
There are three cordial components in wheat which determines the grain yield: tillers per plant, number of grains and grain weight per spike. All the three components are mutually exclusive and it has been witnessed that the higher number of grain normally correlates with lower grain weight. This negative linkage is serious unhampress selection gain. It is to be emphasized these both traits are polygenic and hence finding their recombinants of positive type’s i.e. higher number of grains/spike along with higher grain weight is feasible. This would be achieved if there is adequate variability in segregating population and selection pressure is exerted in right direction with appropriate selection intensity. Keeping this hypothesis in mind we investigated the variability and gene effects in five wheat crosses involving discrete and contrasting parents over two crop seasons for these two traits. The F2 population revealed the presence of adequate genetic variability over and above the parental range with various combinations i.e. higher number of grain-lower grain weight, medium number of grains-medium grain weight and higher number of grains with higher grain weight. However, there frequency varied over the both cropping seasons. The higher grain weight is invariably attributed to higher amount of deposition of carbohydrates (starch). Thus, the transgressive segregants for grain number and grain weight could be recovered in all five cross viz. Rm-Ts17 x PBW502; HS27 x PBW502; HS67 x PBW502; HJP81 x PBW502; HG2 x HD2009M. Pedigree selection in such crosses is therefore expected to yield the dividends. The SSR marker analysis also indicated that some quantitative trait Loci QTLs) could be associated with either higher number of grains or higher grain weight or both the traits. Marker assisted selection, therefore should be feasible, our study suggest that both genotyping and phenotyping should be resorted to identify the desired transgressive segregants for high grain weight and higher grain number, so that wheat yield can be enhanced.
Authors and Affiliations
PAWAN KUMAR, RAMESH KUMAR YADAVA, SANDEEP KUMAR
Keywords
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