GENRE AND COMMUNICATIVE SITUATION (ON THE BASIS OF EDITION «NATIONALGEOGRAPHIC – UKRAINE»)
Journal Title: Проблеми сучасного літературознавства - Year 2016, Vol 0, Issue 23
Abstract
Objective reality as material for creation passes through transformation. A genre – is one of the most important mechanisms of that transformation. It generates a unique communication situation for the dialogue (in M. Bakhtin’s meaning) between an author, a hero and a reader. To describe this situation means to find characteristic features of a genre, especially if we speak about feature, which was described contradictorily in western and post-Soviet scientific tradition. Meanwhile, National Geographic – Ukraine gives examples of connection between both traditions: Ukrainian editorial office published materials about their Homeland, following rules, which were worked out by international one. Magazine itself was criticized for unequal presentation of nations, sexes, countries and continents. So the aim of research was to discover communication situation in features on the material of National Geographic – Ukraine’s texts, as well as a dialog between positions of researcher/expert and local people. Discourse analysis and narration analysis were used. It was considered that the communication situation in the texts provides presentation of exotic, authentic material in the dialogue between local and global positions. These position are unequal, the first one is evaluated by the second one. So the tradition of National Geographic of Africa’s countries describing (which were analyzed by Lutz&Collins) was applied by Ukrainian edition in the coverage of domestic issues. Local people for Ukrainian journalists are routed in traditions and religion, they are described as cut off the civilization etc. So the main purpose of magazine’s features is not to show the reality, but exotic and authentic underlining. As a result journalists use generalization, stereotypes, they try to show unusual events as usual ones. Separate, sometimes idealized time and space is constructed in features, heroes become exhibits, which save their traditions. Thus a view of W. Lippman is confirmed again: journalism and truth can’t be equal. So the aim of journalism studies is to show the differences as well as transformation mechanisms.
Authors and Affiliations
Natalya Steblyna
Keywords
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