Гідроекологічна оцінка якості води Дніпровського водосховища
Journal Title: Питання біоіндикації та екології - Year 2016, Vol 21, Issue 1
Abstract
Assessment of the ecological state of surface water is the basis of water bodies surveillance study. Examination of chemical state for concentration of high-priority hazardous pollutants is carried out to determine the suitability of water usage in the variety of economic purposes including fishing. The aim of this research was carrying out the complex hydro-ecological study of water quality of the Dnieper reservoir. The results of long-terms surveillance study of the Dnieper reservoir from 2012 to 2015 are presented in the article. A hydrochemical reservoir water analysis was carried out in 11 observation alignments: № 1 – the Dnieper river, the village of Auly; № 2 – the Dnieper river, the village of Romankovo, Dniprodzerzhynsk city; № 3 – the Dnieper river, the village of Karnauchiwka, Dniprodzerzhynsk city; № 4 – the Dnieper river, the village of Taromske, Dnipropetrovsk city; № 5 – Kaydatska Pumping and Filtration Plant, Dnipropetrovsk city; № 6 – the Dnieper river, Lomovska Pumping and Filtration Plant, Dnipropetrovsk city; № 7 – Mandrykivska st, Dnipropetrovsk city, № 8 – the Orel river; № 9 – the Samara river; № 10 – the Dnieper river, estuary of the Mokra Sura river; № 11 – the Dnieper river, the village of Vasilivka. Hydrochemical characteristics of the Dnieper reservoir water quality have been examined. Organoleptic indicators, salinity, the amount of sulphates and chlorides, water hardness, hydrogen index, content of ammoniacal nitrogen and dissolved oxygen have been identified. The Dnieper reservoir does not differ essentially from other reservoirs in cascade in the maximum permissible concentration of principal ions and salinity level. According to the results of complex hydro-ecological study it has been stated that water quality of the Dnieper reservoir does not meet current regulatory standards. Water of the most rivers of the Southern part of Dnieper basin, primarily the Oril, as well as the Samara and the Mokra Sura, is stated to be high-mineralized. MPC excess ratio in its average value ranges from 20 MPC (BOD 20), to 12,4 MPC (sulphates) according to the State Standards of Ukraine, and from than 1,9 MPC (magnium) to 4,9 MPC (sulphates) according to water specifications of fisheries waters. The water of the Dnieper reservoir near the village of Auly happens to have the most favourable environmental and health characteristics. The most contaminated are the estuary of the Mokra Sura and the Samara. The carried out study helps to monitor water quality and elaborate procedures to restore the ecosystems and transform natural reservoirs. Исследованы гидрохимические показатели качества воды Днепровского водохранилища. Определены органолептические показатели, минерализация, количество сульфатов и хлоридов, жесткость воды, водородный показатель, содержание аммонийного азота и растворенного кислорода. По результатам комплексной гидроэкологической оценки установлено, что качество воды Днепровского водохранилища не соответствует существующим на сегодняшний день нормативам. Наиболее благоприятной по эколого-санитарным показателям оказалась вода Днепровского водохранилища вблизи с. Аулы. Самыми загрязненными характеризуются участки в устье р. Мокрая Сура и р. Самара.
Authors and Affiliations
М. М. Стась, В. І. Колесник M. M. Stas1, V. I. Kolesnik2
Keywords
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