Immunotoxins for targeted cancer therapy
Journal Title: The AAPS Journal - Year 2006, Vol 8, Issue 3
Abstract
Immunotoxins are proteins that contain a toxin along with an antibody or growth factor that binds specifically to target cells. Nearly all protein toxins work by enzymatically inhibiting protein synthesis. For the immunotoxin to work, it must bind to and be internalized by the target cells, and the enzymatic fragment of the toxin must translocate to the cytosol. Once in the cytosol, 1 molecule is capable of killing a cell, making immunotoxins some of the most potent killing agents. Various plant and bacterial toxins have been genetically fused or chemically conjugated to ligands that bind to cancer cells. Among the most active clinically are those that bind to hematologic tumors. At present, only 1 agent, which contains human interleukin-2 and truncated diphtheria toxin, is approved for use in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Another, containing an anti-CD22 Fv and truncatedPseudomonas exotoxin, has induced complete remissions in a high proportion of cases of hairy-cell leukemia. Refinement of existing immunotoxins and development of new immunotoxins are underway to improve the treatment of cancer.
Authors and Affiliations
Robert J. Kreitman
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP681810
- DOI 10.1208/aapsj080363
- Views 73
- Downloads 0
Comparative evaluation of tableting compression behaviors by methods of internal and external lubricant addition: Inhibition of enzymatic activity of trypsin preparation by using external lubricant addition during the tableting compression process
This study evaluated tableting compression by using internal and external lubricant addition. The effect of lubricant addition on the enzymatic activity of trypsin, which was used as a model drug during the tableting com...
Analytical Similarity Assessment in Biosimilar Studies
For assessment of biosimilarity, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends a stepwise approach for obtaining the totality-of-the-evidence for demonstrating biosimilarity between a proposed biosimilar product a...
Properties of thalidomide and its analogues: Implications for anticancer therapy
Thalidomide and its immunomodulatory (IMiDs) analogs (lenalidomide, Revlimid, CC-5013; CC-4047, ACTIMID) are a novel class of compounds with numerous effects on the body's immune system, some of which are thought to medi...
Workshop Report: Crystal City V—Quantitative Bioanalytical Method Validation and Implementation: The 2013 Revised FDA Guidance
In September 2013, the FDA released a draft revision of the Bioanalytical Method Validation (BMV) Guidance, which included a number of changes to the expectations for bioanalysis, most notably the inclusion of biomarker...
Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the human M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor gene
The gene encoding the human muscarinic receptor, type 1 (CHRM1), was genotyped from 245 samples of the Coriell Collection (Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ). Fifteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP...