Inter-lingual lexico-semantic correspondences (based on Russian and Bulgarian languages)
Journal Title: Мова і міжкультурна комунікація - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue
Abstract
The article analyses the concept of ‘equivalence’, which is rarely observed either at the level of inter-lingual lexico-semantic correspondences, or the level of translation units. The study is based on Russian-Bulgarian and Bulgarian-Russian dictionaries as well as translations contained in the Corpus of Parallel Russian and Bulgarian Texts (http://rbcorpus.com/). The nature of ‘equivalence’ as such becomes apparent at the linguistic level where information provided by the sign is, according to A. Lyudskanov, ‘free’ of the differences arising from the division of the world by different languages and their national characteristics but rather represents universal content, which exists and is determined by the unity of the world and the thought patterns of all normal human beings. As linguistic signs, the members of inter-lingual equivalent pairs and sets possess at least five universal lexical characteristics: interrelationship with semantic classes, genus-species relationship between the words, meaning, sense, and collocation. It is established that equivalents are semantically related units which are identical on the level of the class and the genus-species relationship. They are linked to the genus-species microsystem and, accordingly, we can differentiate between: a) equivalent invariants which reflect genus-species or species-species relationships, and b) equivalent variants which reflect genus-species relationships. The extent of content overlap varies: variants are modifications of invariants either narrowing or extending their semantic content. This variation does not alter substantially the content of the original word as the genus concept implicitly contains information about the species concept and vice versa.
Authors and Affiliations
Hocho Nedev Hochev
Keywords
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