INTRACUTANEOUS STERILE WATER INJECTION OVER SACRUM FOR THE RELIEF OF LOW BACK PAIN IN LABOUR
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 28
Abstract
BACKGROUND Labour pain is considered to be one of the most intense and stressful experiences, especially for nulliparous woman. Pharmacological methods used to relieve labour pain like narcotics are not always warranted because of their maternal side effects, besides none of these methods have proven to be effective in reducing low back labour pain. Therefore, an effective, inexpensive and simple method with no serious side effect for reducing low back pain in labour would be very useful. Intracutaneous injection of sterile water in the skin over the sacrum has been shown to relieve the pain of labour (without causing harm to the mother and/ or foetus) or slow the labour pattern. This technique could be of particular use in hospitals that do not have access to epidural analgesia and it could also be helpful for women who want to avoid medications during labour and birth. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of intracutaneous injection of sterile water over sacrum in relieving low back pain during labour. MATERIALS AND METHODS 200 women were divided into two groups of 100 each. Group A received 4 intracutaneous injections of 0.5 cc sterile water at the already marked 4 points in sitting position. Group B received 4 intracutaneous injections of normal saline in the same region. The pain score, rate of cervical dilatation, duration of labour, Apgar score and quality of pain relief was compared between the two groups. RESULTS In study and control groups, the VAS score before start of treatment was 7.62 in study group and 7.68 in control group with statistical insignificance between the two groups (p= 0.064). The mean pain scores at 10 mins, 45 mins and 90 mins showed a statistically significant reduction in the sterile water group when compared to the normal saline group (p < 0.005). Mean duration of first stage of labour in study group was 281 minutes and in control group it was 308.5 minutes. P value was 0.003. The difference was statistically significant. Mean duration of second stage of labour was 23.89 minutes in study group and 25.47 minutes in control group. P value was 0.0528. It was statistically not significant. There was no prolongation of second stage of labour in the study group. Mean rate of cervical dilatation in study group was 1.8 cm/hr and it was 1.5 cm/hr in control group. There was a statistical significance between the two groups. There was no statistical significance between both study and control groups in regard to the duration of third stage of labour. There was no significant difference in the Apgar scores of the two groups, both at 1 minute and 5 minutes. The total duration of labour in study group was reduced (mean duration= 309.8 mins) when compared to that of the control group (mean duration= 339.3 mins). Among the patients in the study group, 93% had pain relief. Out of them 30% reported excellent pain relief and 34% reported moderate pain relief, 29% had mild pain relief and 7% reported no pain relief. Among the patients in the control group 13% of patients reported moderate pain relief, mild pain relief was present in 53% of cases and 34% reported no pain relief. CONCLUSION Sterile water injections induce a statistically significant, dramatic analgesic effect on the low back pain experienced by women during labour. It augments cervical dilatation and shortens the first stage of labour. Duration of second stage of labour is not affected. There is absolutely no untoward effect on mother and foetus.
Authors and Affiliations
Valarmathy S. , Josephine Hema J.
Keywords
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- EP ID EP467238
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2018/709
- Views 73
- Downloads 0
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