IRON DEFICIENCY AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN CHILDREN 1 TO 5 YEARS IN SOFIA (BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF DIETARY INTAKE OF IRON)
Journal Title: Българско списание за обществено здраве (Bulgarian Journal of Public Health) - Year 2011, Vol 0, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: Iron deficiency is widespread worldwide, affecting particularly children. The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of iron deficiency in children aged 1 to 5 years in Sofia and its relation to growth and health of children. Methods: In 2007 a cross-sectional and retrospective epidemiological study on nutrition and nutritional status of a representative sample of 671 children aged 0 to 5 years in Sofia was conducted. Anemia in children has been assessed by measurement of hemoglobin in peripheral blood. In a sub-sample of 189 children aged 1 to 5 years the following indicators have been investigated: 1.evaluation of iron status (serum Fe, TIBC, serum Ferritin, sTfR; complete blood count), 2. C-reactive protein (CRP); 3.serum levels of vitamin A, Zn, Se. Using a standard methodology body weight and height of every child have been measured. The assessment of nutritional status has been carried out on the bases of anthropometric indices: height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-forheight and body mass index-for-age. Results: The prevalence of anemia in the studied children aged 1 to 5 years is 5.29%. According to WHO criteria, the incidence of anemia is of low public health significance. Iron deficiency (ID) prevalence in children aged 1 to 5 years was 20.1%. Pre-latent iron deficiency is 6.35%, latent iron deficiency - 8.47% and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) - 5.29%. Iron deficiency in the studied children was significantly associated with the intake of supplements containing vitamins and minerals and the significant intake of heme iron. The prevalence of underweight and of acute respiratory diseases in children with ID has been twice as high versus those without ID.
Authors and Affiliations
Lalka Rangelova, Stefka Petrova, Kamen Tzatchev, Bisera Atanasova
Keywords
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