Kinetics of Alkali Catalysed Transesterification Reaction of Palm Kernel Oil and physicochemical Characterization of the Biodiesel Product
Journal Title: American journal of Engineering Research - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 2
Abstract
The palm kernel oil (P.K.O) biodiesel was produced through alkali catalysed transesterification of crude palm oil (P.K.O) with methanol and NaOH as a catalyst. After four experimental runs of esterification reaction to reduce the FFA value from 23.8425% to 0.8976%, and transesterification reaction was followed. The biodiesel produced was characterized, and its physicochemical properties were estimated and compared to standard values of American Society of Testing and Material (ASTM) and European (EN14214) biodiesel standards. After the fuel characterization, the kinetics of the alkali catalysed transesterification process was studied varying the catalyst concentration and time at constant temperature (for 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.2g at 30, 40, 50, 60 and 120seconds, for a methanol to oil ratio of 4:1). These parametric effects of the kinetic test were carried out for 25 different runs, and the results obtained and analysed. After the analysis of the kinetic studies result, it was discovered that an increase in reaction temperature speeds up the reaction rate and shortens the reaction time. Hence, Biodiesel yield increases with reaction time and its best for the condition 0.5g and 1g at increased temperature of 60oC with maximum Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) content obtained ranged from 80 to 90%. The limited fuel characterization carried out demonstrated that the PKO biodiesel produced can fuel a diesel engine after much comparison with standards.
Authors and Affiliations
Anusi M. O, Umenweke G. C, Nkuzinna O, Igboko N
Keywords
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