Monitoring of feeds for dairy cows of the daily stage on the availability of mold micromycets in the farms of the north-eastern region of Ukraine
Journal Title: Бюлетень "Ветеринарна біотехнологія" - Year 2018, Vol 32, Issue
Abstract
Introduction. Good feeding is one of the most important factors in the complex of measures for the prevention of animal diseases. Among the factors that adversely affect the quality and consumer properties of feed for cattle, the leading place is given to pollution by biotic contaminants – moldy microscopic fungi (especially Fusarium, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Alternaria, Ascochyta, Botrytis, Helmintosporium, Nigrospora, Diplodia, Sclerotinia, Trichoderma, Trichothecium , Cephalosporium, Acremoniella (Monopodium), Mucor, Rhizopus). The goal of the work. Due to the fact that control of contamination by microscopic fungi – the main contaminants of biological origin – is an urgent issue of feed safety, our research aimed at monitoring feed for dairy cows for the presence of biotic contaminants – mold micromycetes in the North-East region of Ukraine. Materials and methods. Study of the degree of contamination with taxonomic identification of micromycetes for dairy cows in 2014–2017 was conducted in the toxicological monitoring laboratory of the Department of Toxicology, Safety and Quality of Agricultural Products of the NSC “IEKVM”. The study of saprophytic mold with identification was carried out using commonly accepted adapted methods of mycological analysis. Results of research and its discussion. During 2014–2017, mycological studies were subjected to 146 feed samples for dairy cows from 15 pastoral farms. At the same time, gross and succulent fodder amounted to 35.6%, cereals – 33.5%, mixed fodder – 8.3%, other types amounted to 22.6%. For the determination of the degree of contamination by micromycetes, it was found that the excess of MRL (5.0×104 spores in 1.0 g of feed) was detected in 67.5% of samples, the permissible degree was established in 32,5% of cases. In mycological studies of feeds, 869 isolates were identified, of which the mold of Aspergillus Mich genera was 42%, Penicillium Linc. – 22%, Fusarium Linc. – 8%, the Mucoraceae family – 13%, other types accounted for 15%. The toxin-forming species were represented – Asp. flavus, Asp. sydowi, Asp. candidus, Asp. oryzae, Asp. niger, Asp. fumigatus, Asp. amstelodami, Asp. ochraceus, Pen. lanosum, Pen stoloniferum, Pen. commune, Pen. casei, Pen. citrinum, Pen. rugulosum, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium moniliforme var. lactis, Fusarium oxysporum, Mucor racemosus, Rhizopus microsporus. Conclusions and perspectives of further research. In determining the degree of contamination by micromycetes of fodder for cattle in 67.5% of the samples, the excess of MRLs was found, benign were 32.5%. The main mold contaminants were the genera Aspergillus Mich. – 42%, Penicillium Linc. – 22%, Fusarium Linc. – 8%, Mucoraceae – 13%.
Authors and Affiliations
Margarita Yaroshenko, Alexander Kutsan
Keywords
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- EP ID EP407704
- DOI 10.31073/vet_biotech32(2)-74
- Views 96
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