NATURAL HABITAT OF WILD BOARS AND ITS IMPACT ON THE CONTENT OF ZEARALENON AND ITS METABOLITES IN SELECTED ORGANS, TISSUES AND FLUIDS
Journal Title: Zarządzanie ochroną przyrody w lasach - Year 2014, Vol 0, Issue 1
Abstract
The paper is an attempt to present the relationship between various disorders in wild boar population, their natural habitat and the feed they intake (mouldy maize in particular). The increase of field areas and intensified cultivation of maize brings to light the importance of its infections for economy and agriculture. The most hazardous seem to be pathogens, due to their ability to produce secondary metabolites (mycotoxins). Zeralenone - a natural estrogen, sometimes called F2 toxin is the main fungal metabolite responsible for the rot of the corn cobs and ears. Too high levels of ZEN and its derivatives in the body can lead to hormone dysfunctions and eventually even hyperestrogenism. In order to confirm that the main source of ZEN detected in the body are mouldy maize cobs (often containing high levels of pathogenic fungi) a comparative study was carried out. The study aimed at the comparison of zearalenone and its derivatives content in various organs, tissues and fluids of wild boars living near large maize fields and the animals living in forests, without access to maize fields, thus feeding solely on forest floor bedding. The sample material was taken from young sows (50-60 kg) hunted for between November 2011 and January 2012. ZEN and its derivatives were analysed in the Mycotoxins Analytical Laboratory of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz using HPLC method. Zearalenone was detected in all blood, bile, liver, kidneys and muscles samples of animals living in field as well as forest areas. However, the concentration levels differed significantly both in the analysed liquids and tissues, depending on the habitat of the animals. Higher content of the toxins was found nearly in all samples taken from the animals living in maize field areas, with the highest (4-times) detected in bile samples. The results imply that the habitat of wild boars and large maize fields, in particular, can be responsible for hormone disorders and eventually lead to hyperestrogenism in these animals.
Authors and Affiliations
Jakub Pałubicki, Jan Grajewski, Magdalena Twarużek, Anna Błajet – Kosicka, Robert Kosicki
Keywords
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