PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTIBACTERIAL EVALUATION AND IN VITRO SPASMODIC EFFECT OF THE AQUEOUS AND ETHANOL LEAF AND BARK EXTRACTS OF ANOGEISSUS LEIOCARPUS (DC.) GUILL. & PERR.
Journal Title: Asian J of Pharm Sci & Tech - Year 2015, Vol 5, Issue 4
Abstract
ABSTRACT Anogeissus leiocarpus is a graceful tree of Africa, commonly known as “Axle wood tree or African birch” belonging to the family Combrateceae. It is a tall evergreen tree native to savannah of tropical Africa and has a wide range of medicinal uses including antimicrobial activities. This study aimed at determining the phytochemical constituents, antibacterial and in vitro spasmodic effect of the aqueous and ethanol leaf and bark extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus. The leaves and bark of the plant were collected, dried, ground and extracted with water and ethanol. Phytochemistry, acute toxicity, antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella Species and antispasmodic effect on isolated rabbit ileum were carried out. The study revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavanoids, saponins, phlobatannins, terpenes, steroids, anthraquinones and glycosides in the plant extracts. The antibacterial effects produced by the extracts were dose dependent against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi while Klebsiella Species were found to be resistant at lower tested doses. The minimum inhibitory concentrations obtained for the extracts against Staphylococcus aureus were 3.9 mg/ml for ethanol leaf extract, 6.3 mg/ml for ethanol bark extract, 2.2 for aqueous leaf extract and 5.5 mg/ml for aqueous bark extract. The in vitro anti-spasmodic effect revealed that the ethanol leaf extract has a dose dependent depolarizing effect on the rabbit ileum. Therefore, Anogeissus leiocarpus has been shown to contain a lot of active phytochemical constituents which may be responsible for the observed prokinetic action and antibacterial activities against the studied organisms. Key words: Anogeissus leiocarpus, Antibacterial, Spasmodic.
Authors and Affiliations
Timothy SY*, Mashi FI, Helga BI, Galadima IH, Midala TAS
Keywords
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