Response of Apple (M. pomila) Dwarf Rootstocks To Salinity Stress
Journal Title: Scientia Agriculturae - Year 2013, Vol 4, Issue 3
Abstract
The productivity of plants in greatly affected by various environmental stresses. Salinity is the most environmental stress for fruit production in arid and semi-arid areas of the world, and have numerous problems on plant growth and development especially in glycophytes, by way of negative effects on physiological characters of plant (Shannon et al., 1994). At these condition plants use different mechanisms for adaptation.One potentially important mechanisms is the components of osmotic adjustment, such as soluble sugars and K accumulation in plant tissues at response to abiotic stresses (Mccue and Hanson, 1990). The increasing interest in the cultivation of apple (Malus.pomila L.) in moderate climates and in the west Azerbaijan province of Iran requires better understanding of the salinity effects especially in the apple dwarf rootstocks. The aim of this work was to study the response of the external and local apple dwarf rootstocks in elevated Nacl concentrations. The experiment was carried out under natural greenhouse conditions. Annual seedlings of four apple dwarf rootstocks was grown in pots containing perlite and sand (ratio 1:1) in April- May 2010.The plants were irrigated with Hoagland nutrient solution containing 0, 2, 4 and 6 ds/m Nacl. Plant growth parameters, water relations, chloride, sodium, leaf chlorophyll content, proline, soluble sugars, stomata resistance and other characters including withering, falling and drying leaves were determined. The results of this work indicate that increasing salt concentration in the nutrient solution leads to: (a) a decline in the stomata conductance (b) the reduction of leaf chlorophyll content (c) to a decrease in leaf water potential and relative water content (d) the reduction of vegetative shoot growth, diameter of stem and trunk width area (e) significantly decrease in the leaf area, leaf expansion rate, leaf fresh and dry weight while the number of leaves and number of roots non significantly affected and the percentage of dead leaves increases; and to an increase of the root/leaf ratio; (f) an increase concentration of proline amino acid and soluble sugars content in leaves, an increase percentage of dead leaves (withering, falling and drying leaves)
Authors and Affiliations
A Alizadeh, V Alizade
Keywords
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