REVIEW ON SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERISATION AND BIOACTIVITY OFCHITOSAN
Journal Title: International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Research Technology - Year 30, Vol 5, Issue 10
Abstract
One of the most widespread biopolymer in nature, after cellulose, is chitin. It can be extracted from sources likecrustaceans, microorganisms and insects. However, the main commercial sources of chitin are shells ofcrustaceans such as prawns, crabs, lobsters and krill that are supplied in large quantities by the shellfish processingindustries. Extraction of chitin can be done by two processes, chemical and biological. Chemical method requiresacids and bases like sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid and acetic acid for deproteination, demineralisation anddecolourisation processes respectively and microbial method includes the use of various micro-organisms for thesimilar steps as chemical process. The chitin obtained is further processed by deacetylation method using sodiumhydroxide to convert into chitosan, another product having high industrial significance which possesses valuableproperties like biocompatibility, biodegradability, antibacterial nature, film forming and fibre forming abilitypromoting its use in a variety of interesting applications. Applications of chitosan are found in industries such astextiles, medicine, food, agriculture, paper, cosmetics and wastewater treatment. The paper reviews the methodsof synthesis, characterisation of chitosan with analytical methods like FTIR, SEM, NMR etc. and bioactivitydetermination of Chitosan as anti-microbial, anti-blood coagulant etc. properties.
Authors and Affiliations
Nisha Pujari
Keywords
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