Simulation of runoff and sediment load for reservoir sedimentation of river ole dam using swat and wepp models.
Journal Title: Applied Science Reports - Year 2013, Vol 2, Issue 2
Abstract
Reservoirs are considered as vital sources of water supply, provide hydroelectric power support, diverse aquatic habitat, and provide flood protection. Ole Dam is a hydraulic structure on the River Ole in Nigeria with 8.1 billion m3 storage capacity. The reduction of reservoir capacity of this dam has seriously complicated the water supply for potable and non-potable applications. This reduction in the capacity is a result of sediment leaving into the reservoir of the dam through two tributaries. Simulation analysis using both hydrological and meteorological data around the site for 11-year (2000-2011) was subjected to iteration using WEPP and SWAT simulation models. The sediment load leaving into the reservoir is a function of rainfall depth, the gradient of reservoir site, soil formation and runoff generated. Maximum average sediment load value of 10.2*103ton/ha with rainfall depth of 75.4 mm and surface runoff of 34.2 mm were generally observed in month of September for the simulation period.However, minimum observed sediment load of simulated and observed values of 3.1 *103ton/ha and2.8*103/ha through the tributaries to the reservoir was estimated in the month of March with the observed lowest rainfall depth of 19.7 mm and runoff depth of 2.5 mm respectively.This implies that significant sediment load enteredthe reservoir from these two considered tributaries. If the sediment load continues unchecked the reservoir is expected to silt up completed by the next 20-year starting from 2043. Increasing the life span of the hydraulic structures requires the construction of check dam across the two tributaries and ensures strong soil conservation measures around the reservoir site.
Authors and Affiliations
Olotu Yahaya, O. P Akanbi, E Ahanmisi, E. A Adeniyi
Keywords
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