Nutrition in children 1-5 years of age in Bulgaria - energy AND Macronutrient INTAKE
Journal Title: Българско списание за обществено здраве (Bulgarian Journal of Public Health) - Year 2010, Vol 0, Issue 4
Abstract
Children one to five years of age can be classified as risk population group concerning nutrition due to some particular physiological characteristics. Studies conducted up to now on children in this age group have established imbalanced nutrition and risks for nutritional deficiencies. Aim: To establish the intake of energy and macronutrients in children aged 1 to 5 years in Bulgaria as a component of a large-scale study on nutrition. Methods: A cross-sectional and retrospective study of nutrition and nutritional status of healthy children aged 1 to 5 years has been conducted at the national level over the period from April to October 2007. The sample of 2127 children is representative for Bulgaria and includes 1059 female and 1068 male children. The data received were generated by an active interview of the mother. The nutrition of children was examined by 24-h dietary recall method. The dietary intake of children was assessed in two non-consecutive days – 1 working and 1 off-day of the week. Specialized computer software transforming food consumption into energy and nutrient intake was applied. The statistical data analyses were performed by SPSS version 15.0. Results: Nutrition of children aged 1 to 5 years is characterized by adequate intake of energy and protein. The average daily intake of carbohydrates and fats in children aged 1-2 years provides respectively 50.4% and 36% of the total energy value of foods and corresponds to the recommended range of intake for this age group. In children aged 3-4 years a high intake of fats, 38.2 E%, compared to the recommended range of intake (25- 25 E%) and insufficient consumption of carbohydrates, 48.3 E%, in comparison with the recommended range of intake (50-65 E%), have been found. Conclusion: The establishment of national representative data for the dietary intake of energy and macronutrients in children aged 1 to 5 years represents reliable scientific information – essential condition for the development of national nutrition policy with adequate intervention strategies.
Authors and Affiliations
Stefka Petrova, Donka Baikova, Konstanza Angelova, Lalka Rangelova, Veselka Duleva, Dora Ovcharova
Keywords
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