NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT OF CHILDREN LESS THAN TWO YEARS OF AGE IN A RURAL AREA IN KERALA
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 52
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate nutrition is critical to child development especially from birth to two years of age. In India, about 65 percent of under five children suffer from varying degrees of malnutrition. The health indicators of Kerala are higher compared to other states in India, there are certain backward pockets mostly in slums, coastal and tribal settlements. The objective is to study the nutritional profile of children less than 2 years from a rural area in Kerala. MATERIALS AND METHODS Children of 1 to 24 months of age were included from Talikulam Panchayath, a rural area in the district of Thrissur, Kerala. Weight, height and mid arm circumference were analysed by using WHO Z scores & IAP classification. The degree of stunting and wasting were categorized as per Waterlow's classification. Relation of low birth weight and exclusive breast feeding with malnutrition were also studied. RESULTS Out of 376 children 19.9 % came under mild PEM, 6.1% moderate and 1.3 % with severe malnutrition and 72.7% had no malnutrition according to IAP classification. 33.5% had first degree stunting, and 3.2% had second degree stunting and no stunting in 62.5%. 20.5 % had grade 1 wasting. Measurement of Mid Arm Circumference showed 37.6% moderate PEM and 7 % severe PEM. 88.5% had birth weight ≥ 2.5 kg and 11.5% had low birth weight. In the normal birth weight category, 74.8 % had normal weight for age, while within low birth weight, only 53.5% were normal. Only 40.8% were exclusively breastfed for 6 months and received appropriate complementary feeding. In <6 months age group, the prevalence of PEM was higher using WHO standards than using IAP. CONCLUSION The prevalence of under nutrition in 1-24 months of age is 27.7% as per IAP standards and 22.4 % by WHO- Z score. More stunting in females. Low birth weight has statistically significant association with PEM. Only 41 % of children are exclusively breast fed for six months. 37.5 % of children are stunted indicating greater degree of chronic malnutrition.
Authors and Affiliations
Shamim S, Sheela T. A
Keywords
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- EP ID EP550506
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2018/1228
- Views 93
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