Ocena potencjału nasiennego wybranych odmian hodowlanych Poa pratensis. Część II. Plon i jakość nasion
Journal Title: Łąkarstwo w Polsce - Year 2017, Vol 20, Issue
Abstract
Smooth-stalked meadow grass (Poa pratensis L.) belongs to the most important species of cultivated grasses intended for permanent meadows and pastures. Moreover, in recent years, the importance of this grass species as lawn grass has also been observed to increase steadily. The versatility of smooth-stalked meadow grass has increased the demand on the domestic market for seeds of this grass species. The main problem of the reproduction of meadow grass cultivars in Poland is the low level of yields of seed plantations. The aim of this study is to determine seed potential of smooth-stalked meadow grass cultivars reproduced in Poland in regard to seed yield and seed quality. The investigations were conducted in years 2002–2005 based on one-factorial experiment established in two repetitions on 16 m2 plots. The experiments comprised 13 selected cultivars of Poa pratensis. The standard technology of seed production of Poa pratensis was applied. Seed yield and qualitative parameters of seed material (thousand seed weight, germination energy and capacity) were evaluated. Seed yield was determined based on seed harvesting of whole area of each plot using Wintersteiger plot-harvester. Quality of seed was evaluated according to ISTA methods. Means of investigated seed yield and their qualitative parameters were separated by the LSD and were declared different at the α=0.05 level. Evaluation of relation between morphological biological features and seed yield were performed by calculation of correlation coefficients. It was found that Poa pratensis cultivars are characterised by specificity of seed potential and the range of variability of the seed yield increases with the length of utilisation. Alicja, Balin, Duna and Skiz cultivars are characterised by the highest seed yields in the second year of cultivation, whereas Bartitia and Bila cultivars reach their maximum yields in the third year of utilisation. During three years of utilisation, seed potential of lawn cultivars of Poa pratensis did not differ significantly from fodder cultivars. In the first and second years of cultivation for seeds, fodder cultivars appear to have an advantage, while in the third year – it is the lawn cultivars that do better. The seed potential of Polish cultivars of Poa pratensis is lower in comparison to foreign cultivars. The longer the period of growing for seeds, the higher is the difference in seed yield in favour of foreign cultivars. The cultivars of Poa pratensis are distinguished by specific-ity of vitality of seeds. In this regard Bila express the best germination energy and capacity, and Duna and Nandu – the worst, particularly in second and third years of utilization. The seed yield of lawn cultivars is determined mainly by density of generative shoots (r = 0.612*) and negatively correlated with number of flowers (r = –0.733*) and seeds in spikelet (r = –0.501*). In the case of fodder cultivars, the significant high correlation (r = 0.903**) between seed yield and number of generative shoots per unit area occur.
Authors and Affiliations
Piotr Goliński, Barbara Golińska, Maria Walerowska
Keywords
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