Pancytopenia - A Study on Clinical and Etiological Profile at a Tertiary Care Institute
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 1
Abstract
Introduction: Pancytopenia is a common hematological condition of varied etiology; however, only a few studies on pancytopenia from the northern regions of India have been published. Pancytopenia is the deficiency of all three cellular elements of blood, resulting in anemia, leucopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The frequency of underlying pathology causing pancytopenia varies considerably depending on various factors including age, geographic distribution, and genetic disturbances. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical and etiological profile of patients presenting with pancytopenia to a tertiary care hospital of northern India. Methods: A total of 66 patients were included in this study over a period of 18 months. Basic investigations were performed for each patient including hemoglobin, total leukocyte count, platelet count, and reticulocyte count. Absolute values including packed cell volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were calculated for every patient. Results: A total of 66 patients were studied over a period of 18 months including 40 males and 26 females. Male to female ratio was 1.53:1. The most common cause of pancytopenia was megaloblastic anemia (MA) found in 23 patients (34.84%), followed by aplastic anemia in 5 patients (7.57%), undiagnosed cases in 5 patients (7.57%), tuberculosis in 4 patients (6.06%), multiple myeloma and myelodysplastic syndromes in 3 (4.54%) patients each, respectively. Conclusion: MA is still the most common cause of pancytopenia in our setting. All patients with pancytopenia should be sought for MA as it is a potentially treatable condition.
Authors and Affiliations
Nadeem Ahmad, Nihida Akhter, Tufail Ahmad
Keywords
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