Peace Treaty of Brest-Litovsk between the UPR and the Central Powers: Political Aspects of the Negotiation Process (December 1917 – November 1918)
Journal Title: Українознавство - Year 2019, Vol 3, Issue 72
Abstract
The article covers the political aspects of peace negotiations and the conclusion of the Peace Treaty between the UPR and Central Powers in Brest. The stances and actions of the Ukrainian delegation and the proposals of the German and Austro-Hungarian representatives, as well as Kyiv, Berlin, and Vienna officials are indicated. Diplomatic confrontation between the Ukrainian delegates and representatives of German and Bolshevik delegations is outlined. The position of the UPR delegation on the formation of armed units from Ukrainian prisoners of war in Germany and Austria-Hungary is discussed, as well as its opinion on changing the approach towards the course of negotiations. The article indicates the circumstances and reasons for concluding both the treaty itself and the secret protocol to it. The details of the loss of the Ukrainian copy of the secret protocol to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk are clarified. The role of the Head of the Ukrainian delegation O. Sevriuk in the negotiations is noted. Changes in the parties’ positions regarding the invitations of German and Austro-Hungarian troops to Ukraine are conditioned. The rationale for the actions of the UPR delegation in its reporting to the Ukrainian Central Council is elucidated. It is revealed that de facto new Ukrainian-German diplomatic relations began in December 1917 and were then of a “separative” nature, and de jure were legalized on February 9, 1918 by the Peace Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. This treaty became the first peace agreement of World War I, while Germany and its allies (Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey) recognized the Ukrainian People’s Republic as a sovereign state.
Authors and Affiliations
Pavlo Hai-Nyzhnyk
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP655889
- DOI 10.30840/2413-7065.3(72).2019.177999
- Views 116
- Downloads 0
Art of Sculpture and Its Development in Ukraine (Late 20th – Early 21st Century)
The article explores the peculiarities of the development of sculptural art in Ukraine at the end of the 20th – the beginning of the 21st century. It is determined that the development of the art of sculpture in modern U...
Ethnogeny of Ukrainians: The Conceptual Historiographic Analysis of Basic Theories
Ethnogeny of Ukrainians: The Conceptual Historiographic Analysis of Basic Theories
Information Dimension of the 2008 Russian-Georgian Conflict: Lessons for Ukraine
The article is devoted to the consideration of the specifics of information confrontation during the Russian-Georgian conflict of 2008. Ukraine, as any country in the world, has a strong need for an effective system to c...
Ukraine on the Civilization Map of the Modern World: Historical Experience and Realities of the Present
The paper deals with a peculiar interpretation of the cultural locus of Ukraine in the classic cultural and civilization conceptions of O. Spengler and A. J. Toynbee. Despite some simplifications and very general conclus...
To the Question of the Crimean Period of Life of the Ukrainian Activist Kharytynа Pekarchuk and Her Participation in Armed Protection of the UPR (1894—1920)
The article deals with the biography of the extraordinary public and military activist Kharytyna Pekarchuk (1894–1973). She became the first twentieth-century woman to receive a Ukrainian state award. The article examine...