PEOPLE MANAGEMENT AT WORKPLACE: APPLICATIONS OF THEORY X AND THEORY Y IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE ORGANIZATIONS SECTOR IN HYDERABAD, SINDH, PAKISTAN
Journal Title: European Journal of Business and Social Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 2
Abstract
Douglas McGregor (1906-1964) introduced us to Theory X and Theory Y in his 1960 book, The Human Side of Enterprise and developed a philosophical view of humankind about human nature and human behavior with his Theories. He considered that a negative person comes under the Theory X in which employees dislike work, will avoid responsibilities generally are irresponsible, and require close supervision to do their jobs and must be punished, Positive persons comes under Theory Y in which employees enjoy, like to work, committed towards their work, creative, able to fulfill responsibilities, exercise self-control and self-direction in the search of organizational objectives, have a will to achieve targets without the threat of punishment. He grouped the hierarchy in to lower-order needs (Theory X) and higher-order needs (Theory Y); Abraham Maslow in 1943 had proposed that man’s needs are set in levels, with physical and safety needs at the bottom of the needs hierarchy and social, ego and self-actualization needs at upper levels of the hierarchy. Study only focus on People management at workplace in application of Theory X and Theory Y in public and private organizations Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. The findings also suggest the structural models fitted in this study only show the positive relationship among the variables not reality. Data was collected through close ended questionnaires with the use of the 7 point Likert Scales. Convenience sampling type of non-probability technique will be used for data collection. Total 250 questionnaires were distributed in four public and private organizations in Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan out of which 198 questionnaires were returned after that all questionnaires reviewed to make sure filled properly and use for analyses. Data was analysis through SPSS 22 and smart PLS software which also helps to develop model and test the developed hypotheses of this study.
Authors and Affiliations
Nazia Dharejo (M. Phil. Scholar)| Institute of Commerce, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Dr. Muhammad Nawaz Baloch| Assistant Professor Sindh University Laar campus, Badin, Dr Mushtaque ali jariko| Institute of Business Studies University of Sindh, Dr. Ashiq Ali Jhatial| Professor, Institute of Commerce, University of Sindh, Jamshoro
Keywords
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