PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES ON WHOLE PLANT OF ASYSTASIA GANGETICA
Journal Title: Indian Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Biotechnology - Year 2013, Vol 1, Issue 3
Abstract
Asystasia gangetica (Linn) T.Anderson belonging to the family Acanthaceae is an ornamental plant and used as a vegetable in times of food scarcity. It is having many medicinal properties and is used in folklore medicine for various ailments like asthma, rheumatism, swellings etc. The whole plant of Asystasia gangetica was used for the study. The solvent methanol was used for the extraction as it was reported to extract the maximum phytoconstituents. The preliminary phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of compounds like Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Glycosides, Coumarins, Tannins, Steroids, Terpenoids and Saponins. The nutritive value of the methanolic extract was evaluated by estimating the Carbohydrate, Protein and Lipid content. The results justified its use as a vegetable in times of food scarcity. The secondary metabolites content like Phenols, Tannin and Flavonol content was also estimated. The Methanolic Extract of the whole plant was subjected to fractionation by Column chromatography with solvents of graded polarity. A Flavonoid Mixture Fraction was obtained in the Ethyl acetate: Methanol (50: 50) fraction. This mixture was characterised by chemical tests, Thin Layer Chromatography and High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The HPLC characterisation reported the presence of 4 known Flavonoids and 2 unknown compounds. The four Flavonoids were Luteolin, Quercetin, Kaempferol and Isorhamnetin. The in- vitro pharmacological activities were performed for the methanolic extract of the whole plant of Asystasia gangetica. The methanolic extract was selected for the pharmacological activities because it showed the maximum anti-inflammatory effect as reported in literature. Protein Denaturation produces auto antigens which may be a cause for the development of Rheumatoid arthritis. The study of Anti arthritic activity of the methanolic extract showed a dose dependent inhibition of protein Denaturation and was comparable to that of the standard. The methanolic extract also exhibited a dose dependent inhibition of ADP induced platelet aggregation. The methanolic extract was also evaluated for its Anthelmintic activity. It showed a dose dependent decrease in time taken for paralysis and death of worms. The methanolic extract and Flavonoid Mixture fraction were subjected to tests on blood viscosity. The Flavonoid mixture fraction exhibited a better decrement in blood viscosity than the methanolic extract.
Authors and Affiliations
T. k. Gopal, Megha. G, D. Chamundeeswari, C. Umamaheswara Reddy
Keywords
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