Abstract

Objective: Chloroxylon swietenia traditionally used as antimicrobial, antifertility, analgesic, insecticidal, antifeedant in traditional medicine system hence the present work is conducted to evaluate antibacterial activity. Experimental Approach: Qualitative and quantitate phytochemical screening and antibacterial properties of Chloroxylonswietenia leaves, stem bark and seeds extract isolated using the solvents viz: pet ether, chloroform and ethanol by agar well plate method and MIC by resozurin dye method. Findings: The tree Chloroxylon swietenia possess alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins and phenolic compounds, and cardiac glycosides. The quantitative total phenolic content found at 22μg/mg in seed ethanolic extract, total alkaloids17.32μg/mg in stem bark ethanol extract and total terpenoids 47.332μg/mg in leaf pet ether extract. The plant extracts showed appreciable antibacterial activity at a concentration of 80mg/mL against selected bacterial strains. Seed chloroform extract presented17.67±0.33mm inhibition zone and MIC at20.83μg against S aureus. Seed pet ether extract showed16.67±0.33mm inhibition zone and MIC at33.33 μg against K. pneumonia, while as, stem bark chloroform extract has shown12.33±0.33mm inhibition zone and MIC at133.33μgagainst V. cholerae, seed pet ether extract revealed19.67±0.33 mm inhibition zone and MIC at 20.83μg towards S. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, seed ethanol extract effect was valued at11.67±0.33mminhibitionzone and MIC at133.33 μg on its action to S. typhi. Discussion: The plant Chloroxylon swietenia containing beneficial phytochemical profile, among all extracts seed pet ether and chloroform extracts showed good antibacterial activity comparatively with other extracts and displayed prominent results on comparison with standard streptomycin. Conclusion:The results concluded that Chloroxylon swietenia is possessing important secondary metabolites that have a significant antibacterial property.

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