Possible hepatotoxic consequence of nevirapine use in juvenile albino rats
Journal Title: Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 4
Abstract
Context: Nevirapine (NVP) is used in human immunodeficiency virus exposed neonates. This could present safety concern due to decreased liver metabolizing enzymes activity and renal clearance in neonates. Aims: To determine the hepatotoxic effect of NVP in juvenile albino rats. Methods: Juvenile albino rats were weighed, divided into groups and treated orally with 4-32 mg/kg/day of NVP for 14 days including a recovery group. The control groups were treated with water (placebo) and normal saline (solvent). At the end of NVP treatment, rats were weighed and sacrificed, blood was collected and serum extracted. Serum was analyzed for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB) and conjugated bilirubin (CB). The liver was harvested via dissection, weighed and evaluated for AST, ALT, ALP, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and histological damage. Results: The body, absolute and relative liver weights of rats in NVP treated groups were not significantly different (p>0.05) when compared to placebo. However, serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP, TB and CB were significantly increased (p<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner in NVP-treated groups. Furthermore, liver levels of ALT, ALP, AST and MDA were significantly increased (p<0.05) while SOD, CAT, and GSH were decreased in a dose dependent manner in NVP-treated groups. NVP-treated rats were characterized by varying degrees of hepatic morphological alterations. However, in the recovery group, the effects of NVP were reversed. Conclusions: This study observed dose-dependent and reversible hepatotoxicity in nevirapine- treated juvenile albino rats.
The potential anticonvulsant activity of the ethanolic extracts of Achillea nobilis and Momordica charantia in rats
Context: Currently available antiepileptic drugs have debilitating adverse effects. Natural products and plants already used in traditional medicine can be a good place to start in the search for safer and more effective...
The first year and the challenge of Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research
Este mes de octubre de 2014 Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research (JPPRes) cumple oficialmente un año online. Durante este primer año, JPPRes publicó artículos que describen metodologías y resultados relacionados...
New secoiridoid ester of swertiamarin and secoxyloganic acid with hepatoprotective activity from Centaurium spicatum L.
Context: Centaurium spicatum (L.) Fritsch (Gentianaceae) is an annual herb occurring in Southern Europe and Northern Africa where it is used in traditional medicine for treatment of numerous illness. Aims: To isolate co...
In vitro antimycobacterial activity of acetone extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra
Context: Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) has been used since ages as expectorant, antitussive and demulcent. G. glabra has been indicated in Ayurveda as an antimicrobial agent for the treatment of respiratory infections an...
High-throughput screening assay used in pharmacognosy: Selection, optimization and validation of methods of enzymatic inhibition by UV-visible spectrophotometry
In research laboratories of both organic synthesis and extraction of natural products, every day a lot of products that can potentially introduce some biological activity are obtained. Therefore it is necessary to have i...