Produkcyjność użytków zielonych w Wielkopolsce w aspekcie zmian warunków pogodowych w ostatnim 30-leciu
Journal Title: Łąkarstwo w Polsce - Year 2016, Vol 19, Issue
Abstract
The purpose of this study was the assessment of the effect of climatic changes in the last 30 years on the productivity of grasslands in Wielkopolska. The weather data (precipitation sum, mean, maximum and minimum air temperature, insolation, relative air humidity and wind speed) were collected from 1985 to 2014 at five weather stations that belong to the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management and are located in Wielkopolskie voivodeship: Kalisz, Koło, Leszno, Piła and Poznań. Using this data, trends of Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) were determined, which expresses the possible impact of climate on the productivity of grasslands. Grassland productivity was estimated from data collected by the Central Statistical Office, that refer to meadow hay production for each commune and each of the three regrowths. For the analysis of the effects of climatic trends on grassland productivity in Wielkopolska, linear regression was used.It was concluded that the climatic changes in the Wielkopolska province for the last 30 years were expressed as the increase of mean yearly air temperature, precipitation sum, as well as of the reference evapotranspiration. The significance of these changes was evidenced for air temperature for the whole area of the region, and for the reference evapotranspiration for the whole Wielkopolska except for its northern part (Piła weather station). The analysis carried out for individual months showed that (i) mean air temperature was rising in summer, from June to September, as well in April and November, (ii) precipitation sum was increasing in January and May, and (iii) the reference evapotranspiration was rising in April, June and September. The significant SPEI trends indicate that soil moisture conditions in January, February and May were improving, whereas in April, November and December were deteriorating. No significant effect of the SPEI trends on grassland productivity in Wielkopolska was found. The only significant relationship was found for the climatic conditions that determined the negative SPEI values in April. These conditions positively affected hay yield in the first regrowth.
Authors and Affiliations
Barbara Golińska, Marek Czerwiński, Piotr Goliński
Keywords
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