Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia of Oral Cavity - An Enigma
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Pathology - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia is a histopathological reaction pattern rather than a disease. It represents an extreme degree of acanthosis which histologically mimics squamous cell carcinoma especially in the oral cavity. In the present study we have attempted to distinguish between pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and squamous cell carcinoma using an immunohistochemical marker p53. Distinguishing these two lesions is extremely important as the treatment and prognosis for these lesions are entirely different. Aim of the study: To highlight the importance of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia which histologically mimics squamous cell carcinoma and to differentiate between them by using an IHC marker p53 to arrive at the correct diagnosis. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study done in the department of Pathology at Osmania Medical College and Government ENT Hospital, Hyderabad, over a period of one year and seven months. Observations and Results: A total of 510 tissue samples from oral cavity lesions were studied of which 85 (16.6%) were pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasias. Of the 85 PEH cases, 5 (5.8%) had overlapping features with squamous cell carcinoma and IHC for p53 was done in these 5 cases. On IHC, 1 case was reported as squamous cell carcinoma and remaining 4 were reported as PEH. Conclusion: Distinguishing pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia from squamous cell carcinoma is of utmost importance for further management and prognosis of patients. p53 IHC marker can be used for this purpose as it shows only basal layer reactivity in pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia while in squamous cell carcinoma it shows additional nuclear reactivity. This will help in arriving at a correct diagnosis for better treatment of the patient.
Authors and Affiliations
Pasupuleti Prathima, Shakira Anjum Quadri
Keywords
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