ПСИХОАНАЛІТИЧНЕ ПІДҐРУНТЯ ФІЛОСОФСЬКО-ЕСТЕТИЧНИХ ПОГЛЯДІВ Д. Г. ЛОУРЕНСА
Journal Title: Гуманітарний часопис - Year 2015, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
Gorbatenko O.V. PSYCHOANALYTIC FOUNDATION OF PHILOSOPHICAL-AESTHETIC VIEWS OF THE D.H. LAWRENCE. The philosophical and psychological theories of Friedrich Nietzsche, Sigmund Freud, and Carl Jung had a significant impact on modernist literature in the late ХІХ and early ХХ century. In this context, linking these theories special attention should be paid to the English writer David Herbert Lawrence (1885 - 1930). Having complicated relationship as a writer of this literary tradition of modernism, his works features a combination of romantic and realist line of literature at the turn of the century, in his works it’s reflected the complex problems in the psychological breakdown in human life and the society due to changes in the nature of social development of the times and the special event of the The World War First. These problems include: the ratio of spirituality and the body in everyday life; violation of traditional family relations; revival of the natural desire for all that allows you to live; psychological aspects out of the war and to adapt to civilian life [11]. These issues continue to excite today, but in this case we are more interested in answers to these problems in the contemporaries studied period because the mentality of people of different ages, especially the protection of their existence, their motives - this is what allows you to get unbiased answers about deep worldview representatives in certain space-time reality [5, p. 5]. This just causes the relevance and necessity of in-depth analysis of the philosophical legacy of the famous English writer. Hence the purpose of this article is an attempt to clarify the influence of psychoanalysis on the aesthetic and artistic position of D.H. Lawrence, whose work has deep philosophical roots and is crucial to the world literary process and change the outlook of Western society. During the years between 1910 and 1920th cultural taboo on discussing issues related to problems of relationships finally disappear. However writers with different motivations take on such a complex and «spicy» theme differently. Articles on the problems of relationships didn't affect at all, because the young generation of The World War First did not see anything in life except despair, death, fear and senselessness. As for Lawrence, he is not only one of the first in English literature that has successfully transformed the ideas of psychoanalysis in his work, but also created its own concept of «primary consciousness» [3, p. 149]. Ukrainian philosopher Viktor Malakhov drew attention to the fact that in terms of uncertain prospects for the future it appears the inevitable human desire to feel solid ground, and therefore the question of morality to serve the individual «tuning fork excited her soul, measure its behavior» [4 p. 5]. Therefore the works of D.H. Lawrence updated the principle of «morality» of art, literature, which he interpreted broadly conceptualized. He always expressed the view that the following perpetual, universal ideals, focus on universal rather than transient value - it is the most important task of man and mankind. The writer has always fought the idea, ideal, which gets in his writings a passionate fervor. In recovery of natural human principles Lawrence, of course, was utopian, but none of the western writers of the first decades of the XX century portrayed this natural principle of man with such soulful courage and passion. Life appears in the novels of Lawrence as a living element that flows from one form to another, with the wind in the grass with the soil in stone, with for space for all from animals to man. It is this characteristic metaphors that built his poetry. World smells, visions, touch, echoes overwhelms man by removing him from the vicious circle by including the integrity of spiritual and bodily being. The implementation of D.H. Lawrence's novel «Lady Chatterley's Lover» categorizing of space and time shows the relation of natural aesthetic and philosophical thought of modernity - the works of Ch.Darwin, A.Bergson, F.Nietzsche, S. Freud, O.Spengler - and shows the relationship of the novel and its time-space genre specific. This relationship was crucial to the formation of a mature novelist D.H. Lawrence. Then the use of the elements of psychoanalysis and its criticism is essential for a deeper understanding of the work of Lawrence. Lawrence never lost contact with important things for themselves, including in favor of the left set of views on the relationship of man and woman. Having survived the turmoil of illness and betrayal, he never let out of sight of what really took to it vital, simple human joys, making physicality as a natural and integral part of human nature. This is the world of his early poetry and short stories «The White Peacock». These works can be found images of birth, escape from himself, fighting with itself. Critics point out a significant impact of «Freudian» in the works of Lawrence in this period. As a conclusion, it should be noted that the work of the English writer of the late XIX and early XX centuries - D.H. Lawrence, has deep philosophical and psychoanalytic background, formed under the influence of theories of Friedrich Nietzsche, Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung and their followers.
Authors and Affiliations
Ольга Горбатенко
Keywords
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