Raport ministra Oświecenia Narodowego Awraama Norowa z wizytacji szkół Okręgu Naukowego Warszawskiego w 1856 roku
Journal Title: Przegląd Historyczno-Oświatowy - Year 2016, Vol 0, Issue 3
Abstract
This inspection was a distinctive event for many reasons. Firstly, since the establishment of the School District of Warsaw 16 years ago no Enlightenment Minister had ever visited those schools. Secondly, the inspection was conducted on the orders of the new Tsar of Russia, Alexander the Second, who in the previous year (18th February 1855) had ascended the throne at the time when Russia suffered severe military defeat during the war with Turkey. Aiming to rebuild the might of his Empire the Tsar began introducing socio-economic reforms, which, after some delay, included the Polish Kingdom. One of these reforms was to transform the education policy. In agreement with the new governor of the Kingdom Prince Michail Gorczak, the course and scope of this policy with appropriate justification were to be put forward to the Tsar by Minister A. Norow. For almost a fortnight in October 1856, Norow had personally examined the state of every stage of the national education, the condition of school buildings, educational resources, and most of all, performance of school headmasters and principals, their cooperation with local civic authorities as well as the status and capabilities of the teachers. The above was achieved by Norow’s personal involvement in lesson observations, checking pupils’ knowledge, observing their behaviour in the classroom, along with having short conversations with them. He visited secondary and district schools in Lublin and Radom, the Institute of Elementary School Teachers in Radzymin including all the institutes, secondary and district schools, Cyrkuli and Sunday vocational schools, and Jewish schools in Warsaw. The documentation pertaining to the above inspection (which can be found in the Central National Historical Archive in St. Petersburg) has made it possible to retrace not only its course but also conversations with school heads, many teachers and pupils. It also facilitated the debate on the main arguments included in the report, which were presented to the Tsar by Norow in agreement with the governor Gorczak and the school superintendent of the School District of Warsaw Pawel Muchanow. The outcome of such discussions and any decisions regarding the changes made by the Tsar are the subject of another publication.
Authors and Affiliations
Karol Poznański
Keywords
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- EP ID EP192405
- DOI 10.17460/2016.3_4.09
- Views 128
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