REFORMING OF THE SCHOOL EDUCATION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES IN THE SOUTH OF UKRAINE IN THE 1920 s
Journal Title: Наукові праці. Серія "Історія" - Year 2017, Vol 304, Issue 292
Abstract
We have analyzed the essence of the «korenization» policy to the reformation and development of school educa-tion among the national minorities of the South of Ukraine in the 1920s. The total number of national schools in the region, the number of students and their level of literacy have been calculated based on the All-Union Census of Pop-ulation, which took place in 1926. The main law acts which promoted the development of schools of national minorities have been discussed, such as: «The Code of Laws on People’s Education of the Ukrainian SSR» of November 22, 1922, resolutions of the All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee and the Radnarkom of the Ukrainian SSR «On Measures to Ensure Equal Rights of Languages and Assistance to the Development of the Ukrainian Language» (1923) and «On ensuring the equality of languages and promoting the development of Ukrainian culture» (1927), «Scheme of the system of educa-tion for the national minorities of the Ukrainian SSR» (1926). Particular attention has been paid to school education among children of German, Jewish, Polish and Russian na-tionalities. It has been noted that the only nationality that did not have problems in the education was Russian. Work on servicing them as a national minority began only from 1927/28 a. y. It has been proved that along with the successful start of the activities of national schools, there were problems that hindered the functioning of educational institutions. For all nationalities, except for Russian, they were similar: some children were not sufficiently covered by the school with their native language of instruction; a significant part of the teachers were in the support of special schools; schools in most were not equipped with premises; lacked text-books and teachers who would have a good command of the national languages. The transfer of the general educa-tional process to the national languages at the beginning met resistance from parents, children and teachers, which was caused by the inability to receive education in the future.
Authors and Affiliations
І. Mironova
Keywords
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