REPRESENTATION OF THE CATEGORY OF GENDER IN THE WORKS OF FOUDERS OF LINGUISTIC SCHOOLS OF OUR COUNTRY (O. Potebnia, P. Fortunatov, J. Baudouin de Courtenay)
Journal Title: Наукові праці. Серія "Філологія. Мовознавство" - Year 2017, Vol 294, Issue 282
Abstract
The present paper explores the views of prominent linguists of our country during the second half of the 19th century – the beginning of the 20th century (O. Potebnia, P. Fortunatov, J. Baudouin de Courtenay) regarding the category of gender. Moreover, these linguists were also the founders of separate linguistic schools (Kharkiv, Moscow, Kazan). So their conceptions of gender are of the major interest as doctrines which influenced modern grammar. According to O. Potebnia the gender is an unstable and facultative language category; the grammatical gender is a common anthropomorphous notion, a general category of all things; ancient people animated and personalized things, being satisfied with their beauty (linguistic intuition); only nouns achieved gender marking differentiation in Indo-European languages etc. P. Fortunatov mentioned that two classes of words exist. Firstly, there are declinable neuter words. Secondly, there are declinable non-neuter words which are divided into masculine and feminine natural genders. J. Baudouin de Courtenay distinguished three components in the category of gender; defined neuter as the gender which has no connection with biological sex; sometimes he used the terms «animal» and «non-animal» referring to gender; differentiated three aspects of gender category: physiological, biological and social. It is worth mentioning that no one of these linguists has single-purposed papers concerning the gender. And all the above statements were found by the author without assistance after thorough investigation of every conception introduced. This is both the novelty of the article and perspective for the further research.
Authors and Affiliations
V. M. Ponkratova
Keywords
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